低尼古丁含量烟草对毒性物质暴露、依赖和戒断的影响
2010/04/13
摘要：研究降低烟草尼古丁含量对吸烟行为、毒性物质暴露、吸烟依赖和戒烟的影响。设计随机、平行、半盲研究。研究机构为明尼苏达大学烟草使用研究中心。干预措施为期6周：(1) 含0.05 mg尼古丁的烟草；(2)含0.3 mg尼古丁的烟草；以及(3)含4 mg尼古丁的锭剂。随访6周。
检测：代偿性吸烟行为、暴露生物标记物、烟草依赖、烟草撤退及戒烟率。
结果：与0.3 mg尼古丁烟草相比，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草与代偿性吸烟行为无关。此外，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草和尼古丁锭剂与致癌物暴露、尼古丁依赖和烟草撤退评分相关。与尼古丁锭剂相比，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草有较显著的撤退后缓解。使用含0.05 mg尼古丁烟草的吸烟者，戒断率高于使用0.3 mg尼古丁烟草的吸烟者，但与使用尼古丁锭剂的吸烟者无明显差异。
结论：使用含0.05 mg尼古丁烟草有助促进戒烟，但还需进一步研究证实。
（刘国梁 审校）
Addiction. 2010 Feb;105(2):343-355.
Reduced nicotine content cigarettes: effects on toxicant exposure, dependence and cessation.
Hatsukami DK, Kotlyar M, Hertsgaard LA, Zhang Y, Carmella SG, Jensen JA, Allen SS, Shields PG, Murphy SE, Stepanov I, Hecht SS.
University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA. hatsu001@umn.edu
ABSTRACT Aims To examine the effects of reduced nicotine cigarettes on smoking behavior, toxicant exposure, dependence and abstinence. Design Randomized, parallel arm, semi-blinded study. Setting University of Minnesota Tobacco Use Research Center. Interventions Six weeks of: (i) 0.05 mg nicotine yield cigarettes; (ii) 0.3 mg nicotine yield cigarettes; or (iii) 4 mg nicotine lozenge; 6 weeks of follow-up. Measurements Compensatory smoking behavior, biomarkers of exposure, tobacco dependence, tobacco withdrawal and abstinence rate. Findings Unlike the 0.3 mg cigarettes, 0.05 mg cigarettes were not associated with compensatory smoking behaviors. Furthermore, the 0.05 mg cigarettes and nicotine lozenge were associated with reduced carcinogen exposure, nicotine dependence and product withdrawal scores. The 0.05 mg cigarette was associated with greater relief of withdrawal from usual brand cigarettes than the nicotine lozenge. The 0.05 mg cigarette led to a significantly higher rate of cessation than the 0.3 mg cigarette and a similar rate as nicotine lozenge. Conclusion The 0.05 mg nicotine yield cigarettes may be a tobacco product that can facilitate cessation; however, future research is clearly needed to support these preliminary findings.
Addiction. 2010 Feb;105(2):343-355.
检测：代偿性吸烟行为、暴露生物标记物、烟草依赖、烟草撤退及戒烟率。
结果：与0.3 mg尼古丁烟草相比，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草与代偿性吸烟行为无关。此外，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草和尼古丁锭剂与致癌物暴露、尼古丁依赖和烟草撤退评分相关。与尼古丁锭剂相比，0.05 mg尼古丁烟草有较显著的撤退后缓解。使用含0.05 mg尼古丁烟草的吸烟者，戒断率高于使用0.3 mg尼古丁烟草的吸烟者，但与使用尼古丁锭剂的吸烟者无明显差异。
结论：使用含0.05 mg尼古丁烟草有助促进戒烟，但还需进一步研究证实。
（刘国梁 审校）
Addiction. 2010 Feb;105(2):343-355.
Reduced nicotine content cigarettes: effects on toxicant exposure, dependence and cessation.
Hatsukami DK, Kotlyar M, Hertsgaard LA, Zhang Y, Carmella SG, Jensen JA, Allen SS, Shields PG, Murphy SE, Stepanov I, Hecht SS.
University of Minnesota Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA. hatsu001@umn.edu
ABSTRACT Aims To examine the effects of reduced nicotine cigarettes on smoking behavior, toxicant exposure, dependence and abstinence. Design Randomized, parallel arm, semi-blinded study. Setting University of Minnesota Tobacco Use Research Center. Interventions Six weeks of: (i) 0.05 mg nicotine yield cigarettes; (ii) 0.3 mg nicotine yield cigarettes; or (iii) 4 mg nicotine lozenge; 6 weeks of follow-up. Measurements Compensatory smoking behavior, biomarkers of exposure, tobacco dependence, tobacco withdrawal and abstinence rate. Findings Unlike the 0.3 mg cigarettes, 0.05 mg cigarettes were not associated with compensatory smoking behaviors. Furthermore, the 0.05 mg cigarettes and nicotine lozenge were associated with reduced carcinogen exposure, nicotine dependence and product withdrawal scores. The 0.05 mg cigarette was associated with greater relief of withdrawal from usual brand cigarettes than the nicotine lozenge. The 0.05 mg cigarette led to a significantly higher rate of cessation than the 0.3 mg cigarette and a similar rate as nicotine lozenge. Conclusion The 0.05 mg nicotine yield cigarettes may be a tobacco product that can facilitate cessation; however, future research is clearly needed to support these preliminary findings.
Addiction. 2010 Feb;105(2):343-355.
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吸烟者焦点调节理论
