年轻人戒烟干预的作用:荟萃分析
2012/07/05
摘要
前言:美国有约22%的年轻人(18~24岁)为吸烟者。年轻人对戒烟特别感兴趣,但目前尚不清楚为成人设计的循证戒烟项目是否对年轻人同样有效。本项荟萃分析研究戒烟项目在年轻人中的疗效。
收集证据:2009年至2011年,对DHHS烟草使用和依赖治疗临床实践指南和PubMed收集的2004年至2008年发表的戒烟相关研究,按照严格的入选程序入选后分析。作者收集年轻人相关原始数据。14项研究提供了数据。对这些数据编码以表示描述性信息,采用全面荟萃分析(2.0版)。
证据合成:年轻人中,与对照组相比,任何类型的干预措施都具有较好的戒烟疗效。这是来自于意向治疗分析的病例和完整病例。当干预措施在更大成人样本中有效时,这些干预措施对年轻人同样有效。
结论:虽然年轻成人没有充分利用循证戒烟治疗,本荟萃分析显示,这些戒烟措施对年轻成人应该与整体成人一样有效。因此,有必要关注动员年轻成人寻找戒烟治疗,以提高其使用循证戒烟措施。
(陈欣 审校)
Am J Prev Med. 2012 Jun;42(6):655-62.
Efficacy of smoking-cessation interventions for young adults: a meta-analysis.
Suls JM, Luger TM, Curry SJ, Mermelstein RJ, Sporer AK, An LC.
Source
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Approximately 22% of U.S. young adults (aged 18-24 years) are smokers. Young adults typically display an interest in quitting, but it is unknown whether the evidence-based cessation programs designed for adults will be equally effective for young adults. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of smoking-cessation programs for this population.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: In 2009-2011, studies published between 2004 and 2008 that investigated smoking cessation were first found through the DHHS Clinical Practice Guidelines for Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence as well as a PubMed search (2009-2010) and were then subjected to a rigorous inclusion process. Authors were contacted to glean raw data for young adults. Fourteen studies provided data that were coded for descriptive information and aggregated using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, version 2.0.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Among young adults, any type of intervention was more effective in producing successful smoking cessation than the control. This was the case for intent-to-treat analyses as well as complete cases. When interventions were effective for the larger adult sample, they were also effective for the younger adult sample. CONCLUSIONS: Although young adults tend to underutilize evidence-based cessation treatments, the current meta-analysis showed that these treatments should be as effective for young adults as they are for the general adult population. Thus, it may be useful to focus on motivating young adults to seek cessation treatment to increase utilization.
Am J Prev Med. 2012 Jun;42(6):655-62.
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动机访谈鼓励无戒烟动机的吸烟者戒烟:随机、对照、有效性临床试验研究方法
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