禁止吸烟和吸烟的处理：澳大利亚精神科住院病房的政策和措施
2009/04/21
目的：吸烟是澳大利亚主要的可预防的导致死亡和疾病的原因。即使总体人群中吸烟率已经下降（20%），精神科住院患者的吸烟率仍较高（70%～90%）。本研究的目的是确定澳大利亚新南威尔士的公立精神科住院病房的吸烟政策和措施、这些病房的吸烟管理规定（例如，戒烟的忠告或尼古丁替代疗法）及与评定吸烟状态和吸烟管理规定有关的政策和措施。
方法：通过护理部管理人员发送邮件对新南威尔士所有的公立精神科住院病房进行横断面研究。
结果：131个病房中123个病房完成调查并返回调查结果。超过三分之一（36%）的回答者报道住院患者在住院期间开始吸烟这种情况。相似比例（39%）的回答者报道当吸烟患者没烟时工作人员会为其提供香烟。50%的回答者报道所有患者的吸烟状况都被评估，但是70%的回答者报道没有评估尼古丁依赖性。工作人员遵守禁止吸烟规定的病房其评估患者吸烟状况的可能性是工作人员从不遵守禁止吸烟规定的病房的3倍（比值比=3.05, p=0.01）。
结论：对不吸烟环境管理不当和禁止吸烟措施执行不足以及吸烟管理规定不一致情况突出。这些发现提示精神科在禁止吸烟方面的疏忽是体系上的问题，与特殊服务类型（如急性与非急性或地区性与大城市）无关。
（刘国梁 审校）
Wye PM, et al. Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Jan;60(1):100-107. Links
Smoking restrictions and treatment for smoking: policies and procedures in psychiatric inpatient units in Australia.
OBJECTIVE: Tobacco smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease in Australia. Even though smoking prevalence in the general population has been reduced (20% smoke), prevalence rates remain high among psychiatric inpatients (70%-90%). This study aimed to identify smoking policies and procedures in public psychiatric inpatient units in New South Wales, Australia; the provision of "smoking care" in such units (for example, quit-smoking advice or nicotine replacement therapy); and policies and procedures associated with the assessment of smoking status and provision of smoking care.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was mailed to all public psychiatric inpatient units in New South Wales for completion by nurse unit managers.
RESULTS: Of the 131 units, 123 units completed and returned surveys (94%). Over one-third (36%) of respondents reported instances in which inpatients began smoking during their admission. A similar proportion (39%) reported that staff provided cigarettes to patients who smoked when patients’ supply was expended. Fifty percent of respondents reported that all patients were assessed for smoking status; however, 70% reported that nicotine dependence was not assessed. Units on which staff adhered to smoking restrictions were three times as likely to assess patients’ smoking status as units where staff never adhered to restrictions (odds ratio=3.05, p=.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Inadequate establishment of nonsmoking environments and of smoking restriction enforcement as well as inconsistencies in the provision of smoking care were evident. The findings suggest that failure of psychiatric services to provide smoking care is systemic and not related to particular types of services (for example acute versus nonacute or regional versus metropolitan).
上一篇：
在有或无高强度吸烟史的轻度吸烟者中比较戒烟计划的作用
下一篇：
在戒烟过程中社会梯度的解释：不在于尝试，而在于成功
