过敏和哮喘疾病发展中的环境暴露的作用及其机制
2019/03/21
摘要
环境暴露与人体宿主因素相互作用，促进过敏性疾病的发展和进展。复杂的基因-环境相互作用决定了免疫系统和宿主的反应，全球过敏性疾病的流行率正在上升。研究表明，过敏性疾病的兴起与日益现代化的西化生活方式之间存在关联，如城市化进程加快，室内时间增加，抗生素使用增加等。这些环境变化致使人体更多暴露于空气交通污染物、真菌、传染因子、烟草烟雾，以及其他哮喘和过敏性疾病发展恶化相关的早期及终生风险因素。人们越来越认识到过敏原暴露的时间、负荷和途径会影响过敏性疾病的表型和发展。尽管如此，我们预防过敏性疾病的能力受限于对潜在机制以及环境、病毒和过敏原暴露与影响疾病发展的免疫途径间相互作用的理解。本综述重点介绍了环境暴露与过敏性气道反应发展恶化相关的流行病学和机制证据。
Environmental exposures and mechanisms in allergy and asthma development.
Murrison LB, Brandt EB, Myers JB, Hershey GKK.
Abstract
Environmental exposures interplay with human host factors to promote the development and progression of allergic diseases. The worldwide prevalence of allergic disease is rising as a result of complex gene-environment interactions that shape the immune system and host response. Research shows an association between the rise of allergic diseases and increasingly modern Westernized lifestyles, which are characterized by increased urbanization, time spent indoors, and antibiotic usage. These environmental changes result in increased exposure to air and traffic pollution, fungi, infectious agents, tobacco smoke, and other early-life and lifelong risk factors for the development and exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. It is increasingly recognized that the timing, load, and route of allergen exposure affect allergic disease phenotypes and development. Still, our ability to prevent allergic diseases is hindered by gaps in understanding of the underlying mechanisms and interaction of environmental, viral, and allergen exposures with immune pathways that impact disease development. This Review highlights epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking environmental exposures to the development and exacerbation of allergic airway responses.
环境暴露与人体宿主因素相互作用，促进过敏性疾病的发展和进展。复杂的基因-环境相互作用决定了免疫系统和宿主的反应，全球过敏性疾病的流行率正在上升。研究表明，过敏性疾病的兴起与日益现代化的西化生活方式之间存在关联，如城市化进程加快，室内时间增加，抗生素使用增加等。这些环境变化致使人体更多暴露于空气交通污染物、真菌、传染因子、烟草烟雾，以及其他哮喘和过敏性疾病发展恶化相关的早期及终生风险因素。人们越来越认识到过敏原暴露的时间、负荷和途径会影响过敏性疾病的表型和发展。尽管如此，我们预防过敏性疾病的能力受限于对潜在机制以及环境、病毒和过敏原暴露与影响疾病发展的免疫途径间相互作用的理解。本综述重点介绍了环境暴露与过敏性气道反应发展恶化相关的流行病学和机制证据。
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 顾宪民 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(J Clin Invest. 2019 Feb 11. pii: 124612. doi: 10.1172/JCI124612.)
(J Clin Invest. 2019 Feb 11. pii: 124612. doi: 10.1172/JCI124612.)
Environmental exposures and mechanisms in allergy and asthma development.
Murrison LB, Brandt EB, Myers JB, Hershey GKK.
Abstract
Environmental exposures interplay with human host factors to promote the development and progression of allergic diseases. The worldwide prevalence of allergic disease is rising as a result of complex gene-environment interactions that shape the immune system and host response. Research shows an association between the rise of allergic diseases and increasingly modern Westernized lifestyles, which are characterized by increased urbanization, time spent indoors, and antibiotic usage. These environmental changes result in increased exposure to air and traffic pollution, fungi, infectious agents, tobacco smoke, and other early-life and lifelong risk factors for the development and exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. It is increasingly recognized that the timing, load, and route of allergen exposure affect allergic disease phenotypes and development. Still, our ability to prevent allergic diseases is hindered by gaps in understanding of the underlying mechanisms and interaction of environmental, viral, and allergen exposures with immune pathways that impact disease development. This Review highlights epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking environmental exposures to the development and exacerbation of allergic airway responses.
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环境超微粒子的时空变化与儿童哮喘发病率的关系
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哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病患者吸入药物的使用和吸入技术:随机对照试验
