过敏性疾病和哮喘生物标志物的最新进展和亮点
2018/10/23
摘要
精准医学在过敏和哮喘方面的潜力才刚刚开始探索。在过去的十年中，对鼻炎，慢性鼻窦炎，哮喘，食物过敏和药物过敏的病理生理学进行了重要的阐明。这种更进一步的理解促进了对不同表型更好分类，发现了一些新药物诸如靶向特异表型的生物制剂。然而，许多病症仍然知之甚少，例如非嗜酸性粒细胞性气道疾病、非IgE介导的食物过敏。此外，还需要预测对特定疗法的反应性以及对药物和食物的刺激。对有严重程度进展风险患者的鉴定将有助于建立适当的预防或治疗措施，但这尚未达到要求。临床实践中精准医学的实施需要鉴定在生物体液中可测量的表型特异性标记物。为了使这些生物标记物变得有实用价值，它们需要通过可靠的系统来量化以及以样品的获得要简单、快速、有成本效益。在过去几年中，大量研究对哮喘和过敏性疾病的有效生物标志物进行了鉴定。本综述总结了这些最新进展，重点关注具有较高临床适用性的生物标志物。本文受版权保护。
Recent developments and highlights in biomarkers in allergic diseases and asthma.
Eguiluz-Gracia I, Tay TR, Hew M, Escribese MM, Barber D, O'Hehir RE, Torres MJ.
Abstract
The potential of precision medicine in allergy and asthma has only started to be explored. A significant clarification in the pathophysiology of rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, food allergy and drug hypersensitivity was made in the last decade. This improved understanding led to a better classification of the distinct phenotypes, and to the discovery of new drugs such as biologicals, targeting phenotype-specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, many conditions remain poorly understood such as non-eosinophilic airway diseases or non-IgE mediated food allergy. Moreover, there is a need to predict the response to specific therapies and the outcome of drug and food provocations. The identification of patients at risk of progression towards severity is also an unmet need which will help establishing adequate preventive or therapeutic measures. The implementation of precision medicine in the clinical practice requires the identification of phenotype-specific markers measurable in biological fluids. To become useful, these biomarkers need to be quantifiable by reliable systems, and in samples obtained in an easy, rapid and cost-efficient way. In the last years significant research resources have been put in the identification of valid biomarkers for asthma and allergic diseases. This review summarizes these recent advances with focus on the biomarkers with higher clinical applicability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
精准医学在过敏和哮喘方面的潜力才刚刚开始探索。在过去的十年中，对鼻炎，慢性鼻窦炎，哮喘，食物过敏和药物过敏的病理生理学进行了重要的阐明。这种更进一步的理解促进了对不同表型更好分类，发现了一些新药物诸如靶向特异表型的生物制剂。然而，许多病症仍然知之甚少，例如非嗜酸性粒细胞性气道疾病、非IgE介导的食物过敏。此外，还需要预测对特定疗法的反应性以及对药物和食物的刺激。对有严重程度进展风险患者的鉴定将有助于建立适当的预防或治疗措施，但这尚未达到要求。临床实践中精准医学的实施需要鉴定在生物体液中可测量的表型特异性标记物。为了使这些生物标记物变得有实用价值，它们需要通过可靠的系统来量化以及以样品的获得要简单、快速、有成本效益。在过去几年中，大量研究对哮喘和过敏性疾病的有效生物标志物进行了鉴定。本综述总结了这些最新进展，重点关注具有较高临床适用性的生物标志物。本文受版权保护。
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 顾宪民 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(Allergy. 2018 Oct 5. doi: 10.1111/all.13628)
(Allergy. 2018 Oct 5. doi: 10.1111/all.13628)
Recent developments and highlights in biomarkers in allergic diseases and asthma.
Eguiluz-Gracia I, Tay TR, Hew M, Escribese MM, Barber D, O'Hehir RE, Torres MJ.
Abstract
The potential of precision medicine in allergy and asthma has only started to be explored. A significant clarification in the pathophysiology of rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, asthma, food allergy and drug hypersensitivity was made in the last decade. This improved understanding led to a better classification of the distinct phenotypes, and to the discovery of new drugs such as biologicals, targeting phenotype-specific mechanisms. Nevertheless, many conditions remain poorly understood such as non-eosinophilic airway diseases or non-IgE mediated food allergy. Moreover, there is a need to predict the response to specific therapies and the outcome of drug and food provocations. The identification of patients at risk of progression towards severity is also an unmet need which will help establishing adequate preventive or therapeutic measures. The implementation of precision medicine in the clinical practice requires the identification of phenotype-specific markers measurable in biological fluids. To become useful, these biomarkers need to be quantifiable by reliable systems, and in samples obtained in an easy, rapid and cost-efficient way. In the last years significant research resources have been put in the identification of valid biomarkers for asthma and allergic diseases. This review summarizes these recent advances with focus on the biomarkers with higher clinical applicability. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
上一篇：
肿瘤抑素片段选择性抑制实验性哮喘恶化的中性粒细胞浸润
下一篇：
高音调呼吸音在哮喘患儿中的临床应用
