利用生物学标志物评价烟草向减害烟草产品的转化效果
2018/01/19
摘要
背景：从个人和整体人群水平而言，一种可以降低烟害的方法则是开发、评估和销售减害烟草制品，可以让吸烟者进行转换。既往研究提示减害烟草制品就生物标志物进行测定通过不同生物学指数评价烟草暴露和疗效。
目的：本研究旨在小结利用各种生物标志物作为烟草制品转化评价指标的利弊。
材料与方法：收集PubMed自2008至2017年文献，搜索标准为24种可评价生物学标志物相关文献。排除标准为非相关文献。
结果：共计纳入8876篇文献，其中7476篇文献因不符合标准予以排除。研究提示并非所有可评价生物学标志物在戒烟后恢复到基线水平，但其中9个可以用于中长期研究随访。
讨论和总结：在临床研究中，选择合适的生物学标志物有助于评价研究期间戒烟相关的生物学疗效评价。
Review of biomarkers to assess the effects of switching from cigarettes to modified risk tobacco products.
Biomarkers. 2018 Jan 3:1-125. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2017.1419284. [Epub ahead of print]
Peck MJ, Sanders EB, Scherer G, Lüdicke F, Weitkunat R.
Abstract
CONTEXT:One approach to reducing the harm caused by cigarette smoking, at both individual and population level, is to develop, assess and commercialise modified risk alternatives that adult smokers can switch to. Studies to demonstrate the exposure and risk reduction potential of such products generally involve the measuring of biomarkers, of both exposure and effect, sampled in various biological matrices.
OBJECTIVE:In this review, we detail the pros and cons for using several biomarkers as indicators of effects of changing from conventional cigarettes to modified risk products.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: English language publications between 2008 & 2017 were retrieved from PubMed using the same search criteria for each of the 24 assessed biomarkers. Nine exclusion criteria were applied to exclude non-relevant publications.
RESULTS:A total of 8876 articles were retrieved (of which 7476 were excluded according to the exclusion criteria). The literature indicates that not all assessed biomarkers return to baseline levels following smoking cessation during the study periods but that 9 had potential for use in medium to long term studies.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:In clinical studies, it is important to choose biomarkers that show the biological effect of cessation within the duration of the study.
背景：从个人和整体人群水平而言，一种可以降低烟害的方法则是开发、评估和销售减害烟草制品，可以让吸烟者进行转换。既往研究提示减害烟草制品就生物标志物进行测定通过不同生物学指数评价烟草暴露和疗效。
目的：本研究旨在小结利用各种生物标志物作为烟草制品转化评价指标的利弊。
材料与方法：收集PubMed自2008至2017年文献，搜索标准为24种可评价生物学标志物相关文献。排除标准为非相关文献。
结果：共计纳入8876篇文献，其中7476篇文献因不符合标准予以排除。研究提示并非所有可评价生物学标志物在戒烟后恢复到基线水平，但其中9个可以用于中长期研究随访。
讨论和总结：在临床研究中，选择合适的生物学标志物有助于评价研究期间戒烟相关的生物学疗效评价。
（上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院呼吸与危重症医学科 周剑平 万欢英 摘译）
（Biomarkers. 2018 Jan 3:1-125. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2017.1419284. [Epub ahead of print]）
（Biomarkers. 2018 Jan 3:1-125. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2017.1419284. [Epub ahead of print]）
Review of biomarkers to assess the effects of switching from cigarettes to modified risk tobacco products.
Biomarkers. 2018 Jan 3:1-125. doi: 10.1080/1354750X.2017.1419284. [Epub ahead of print]
Peck MJ, Sanders EB, Scherer G, Lüdicke F, Weitkunat R.
Abstract
CONTEXT:One approach to reducing the harm caused by cigarette smoking, at both individual and population level, is to develop, assess and commercialise modified risk alternatives that adult smokers can switch to. Studies to demonstrate the exposure and risk reduction potential of such products generally involve the measuring of biomarkers, of both exposure and effect, sampled in various biological matrices.
OBJECTIVE:In this review, we detail the pros and cons for using several biomarkers as indicators of effects of changing from conventional cigarettes to modified risk products.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: English language publications between 2008 & 2017 were retrieved from PubMed using the same search criteria for each of the 24 assessed biomarkers. Nine exclusion criteria were applied to exclude non-relevant publications.
RESULTS:A total of 8876 articles were retrieved (of which 7476 were excluded according to the exclusion criteria). The literature indicates that not all assessed biomarkers return to baseline levels following smoking cessation during the study periods but that 9 had potential for use in medium to long term studies.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:In clinical studies, it is important to choose biomarkers that show the biological effect of cessation within the duration of the study.
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