年轻的成年吸烟者对尼古丁成瘾的认识与吸烟相关的情感和认知之间的关系
2016/08/22
摘要
风险感受和自我效能感在解释吸烟相关的结果中扮演着重要的角色，在烟草控制干预措施中起着重要的作用。然而，缺乏一些潜在的认识来推动这些理念。本文研究年轻的成年吸烟者对尼古丁成瘾特性的看法和吸烟相关的情感和认知之间的相互关系（即风险感受、担心吸烟危害、戒烟的自我效能感和戒烟意图）。从两所大型大学中招募吸烟者（n=333）。结果表明，戒烟意愿与风险感受有关，但与担心或自我效能感无关。此外，更高的风险感受与较少的认为成瘾是吸烟的必然结果及吸烟的危害延迟出现有关。这表明，利用“戒烟宜早不宜晚”这样的健康信息来反驳“强烈地强调尼古丁成瘾性”这样的负面消息很重要。研究结果还发现，风险的感受是强大的行为意图预测因子。此外，我们的研究结果表明，在某些情况下，相比于担心和自我效能感，风险感受更能预测戒烟意图。获得额外对烟草相关的认识，可以增加风险感受，并将这些认识纳入教育活动，可能会提高这些活动的质量，减少烟草使用。
（苏欣 审校）
J Cancer Educ. 2016 Jun;31(2):338-47. doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0819-y.
The Relationship Between Young Adult Smokers' Beliefs About Nicotine Addiction and Smoking-Related Affect and Cognitions.
Waters EA1, Janssen E2, Kaufman AR3, Peterson LM4, Muscanell NL5, Guadagno RE6, Stock ML7.
Author information
Abstract
Risk beliefs and self-efficacy play important roles in explaining smoking-related outcomes and are important to target in tobacco control interventions. However, information is lacking about the underlying beliefs that drive these constructs. The present study investigated the interrelationships among young adult smokers' beliefs about the nature of nicotine addiction and smoking-related affect and cognitions (i.e., feelings of risk, worry about experiencing the harms of smoking, self-efficacy of quitting, and intentions to quit). Smokers (n = 333) were recruited from two large universities. Results showed that quit intentions were associated with feelings of risk, but not with worry or self-efficacy. Furthermore, higher feelings of risk were associated with lower beliefs that addiction is an inevitable consequence of smoking and with lower beliefs that the harms of smoking are delayed. This suggests that it is important for health messages to counter the possible negative effects of messages that strongly emphasize the addictiveness of nicotine, possibly by emphasizing the importance of quitting earlier rather than later. The findings also add to the evidence base that feelings of risk are powerful predictors of behavioral intentions. Furthermore, our results suggest that in some circumstances, feelings of risk predict quit intentions beyond that predicted by worry and self-efficacy. Gaining additional understanding of the tobacco-related beliefs that can increase feelings of risk and incorporating those beliefs into educational campaigns may improve the quality of such campaigns and reduce tobacco use.
J Cancer Educ. 2016 Jun;31(2):338-47. doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0819-y.
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利用生物学标志物评价烟草向减害烟草产品的转化效果
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一项全国范围内的代表样本显示大五人格特质，妊娠期间母亲吸烟以及学历可以作为吸烟的预测因子
