在中年人中,五年以上的交通相关空气污染暴露可增加哮喘风险并损害肺功能
2017/12/29
当前关于交通相关空气污染(TRAP)对成人呼吸系统疾病发病率影响的有关证据主要来源于横断面研究。我们在一个已经建立好的队列研究的纵向数据中,寻求建立一种更可靠的方法来衡量两者的联系以及潜在的基因-环境相互关系。
我们从塔斯马尼亚州纵向健康研究中选取45到50岁的随访者,分析交通相关空气污染(二氧化氮、与主干道的距离)和喘息、哮喘患病率以及肺功能之间的联系。我们用一般估计方程来量化这种联系以及谷胱甘肽硫转移酶突变的修饰作用。
居住在距离主干道200米以内的人群,喘息和哮喘的患病率增高、肺功能降低。居住在距离主干道200米以内以及哮喘和喘息症状更多与谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1和谷胱甘肽硫转移酶P1 val/val或ile/val基因型有关。超过5年的暴露时间,高浓度NO2的暴露值与哮喘的患病率正相关。高浓度NO2的暴露值与谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1基因型患者的用力肺活量负相关。
交通相关空气污染的暴露会增加中年人患哮喘、喘息的风险并损害肺功能。其与谷胱甘肽硫转移酶T1基因型的关系表明抗氧化机制对人类健康至关重要。
(European Respiratory Journal 2017 50: 1602357; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02357-201)
Traffic-related air pollution exposure over a 5-year period is associated with increased risk of asthma and poor lung function in middle age
Gayan Bowatte, Bircan Erbas, Caroline J. Lodge, Luke D. Knibbs, Lyle C. Gurrin, Guy B. Marks, Paul S. Thomas, David P. Johns, Graham G. Giles, Jennie Hui, Martine Dennekamp, Jennifer L. Perret, Michael J. Abramson, E. Haydn Walters, Melanie C. Matheson, Shyamali C. Dharmage
European Respiratory Journal 2017 50: 1602357; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02357-2016
Abstract
Current evidence concerning the impact of exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on adult respiratory morbidity mainly comes from cross-sectional studies. We sought to establish more robust measures of this association and potential gene–environment interactions using longitudinal data from an established cohort study.
Associations between measures of TRAP (nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and distance to major roads) and wheeze, asthma prevalence and lung function were investigated in participants of the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study at 45- and 50-year follow-ups. Generalised estimating equations were used to quantify associations and the potential modifying effect of glutathione S-transferase gene variants.
Living <200 m from a major road was associated with increased prevalence of current asthma and wheeze, and lower lung function. The association between living <200 m from a major road and current asthma and wheeze was more marked for carriers of the GSTT1 null and GSTP1 val/val or ile/val genotypes. Over the 5-year period, higher NO2 exposures were associated with increased current asthma prevalence. Higher NO2 exposure was associated with lower forced vital capacity for carriers of the GSTT1 null genotype.
TRAP exposures were associated with increased risk of asthma, wheeze and lower lung function in middle-aged adults. The interaction with the GSTT1 genotype suggests that deficient antioxidant mechanisms may play a role in these adverse health effects.
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中年人群中支气管高反应性与肥胖的关系:一项澳大利亚队列研究的结果
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哮喘表型:咳嗽和喘息是否预示持续性哮喘的加重?