香港哮喘患者住院率、环境温度、其它气象因素和空气污染之间的短期关系：一个时间序列研究
2016/08/22
摘要
背景：先前有研究发现气象变量和哮喘患者住院率有关联，但这些关联的变异大，且很少有研究在亚热带地区进行或根据年份对效果差异进行修正。
目的：本研究的目的是评估哮喘患者住院率和气象因素之间的联系，并在香港用年份和季节来评估这些关联效应的差异。
方法：Poisson广义可加模型与分布滞后非线性模型，以及分段线性模型联合起来用于分析2004年到2011年之间每日哮喘住院人数与气象因素和空气污染之间的关系。然后将日调整为周、季节和趋势。也进行了用年份和季节来评估的亚组分析。
结果：在炎热的季节，在27°C时住院率最低，30°C时上升到一个峰值，然后在30°C 和32°C之间趋于稳定。30°C vs 27°C时滞后0-3天的累积相对风险（RRlag0-3）为1.19（95% CI 1.06-1.34）。在寒冷的季节，温度与哮喘患者住院率呈负相关。12°C vs 25°C滞后0-3天的累积相对风险（RRlag0-3）为1.33（95% CI 1.13-1.58）。成人哮喘住院患者在两个季节都对温度最敏感，而5岁以下的儿童哮喘住院患者对温度最不敏感。炎热的季节较高的湿度和臭氧水平，以及寒冷季节较低的湿度也与哮喘患者住院率增高有关。
结论：患有哮喘的人应避免暴露在恶劣的环境下，在极端温度、高温和高湿、低温和低湿、或高的臭氧水平期间，尽量减少户外活动。
（苏欣 审校）
Thorax. 2016 Jun 24.pii:thoraxjnl-2015-208054.doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208054. [Epub ahead of print]
The short-term association between asthma hospitalisations, ambient temperature, other meteorological factors and air pollutants in Hong Kong: a time-series study.
Lam HC1, Li AM2, Chan EY1, Goggins WB 3rd1.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found associations between meteorological variables and asthma hospitalisations but the nature of these associations has varied and few studies have been done in subtropical areas or evaluated effect modification by age.
OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to evaluate associations between asthma hospitalisations and meteorological factors and to assess effect modification of these associations by age and season in Hong Kong.
METHODS:Poisson generalised additive models combined with distributed lag nonlinear models and piecewise linear models were used to model associations between daily asthma hospitalisations from 2004 to 2011 and meteorological factors and air pollutants, adjusting for day of week, seasonality and trend. Subgroup analyses by age and season were performed.
RESULTS:In the hot season, hospitalisations were lowest at 27°C, rose to a peak at 30°C, then plateaued between 30°C and 32°C. The cumulative relative risk for lags 0-3 days (RRlag0-3) for 30°C vs 27°C was 1.19 (95% CI 1.06 to 1.34). In the cold season, temperature was negatively associated with asthma hospitalisations. The cumulative RRlag0-3 for 12°C vs 25°C was 1.33 (95% CI 1.13 to 1.58). Adult admissions were most sensitive to temperatures in both seasons while admissions among children under 5 were least associated. Higher humidity and ozone levels in the hot season, and low humidity in the cold season were also associated with more asthma admissions.
CONCLUSIONS:People with asthma should avoid exposure to adverse conditions by limiting outdoor activities during periods of extreme temperatures, combinations of high humidity and high temperature, and low humidity and low temperature, and high ozone levels.
Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
KEYWORDS:Asthma Epidemiology
Thorax. 2016 Jun 24.pii:thoraxjnl-2015-208054.doi:10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208054. [Epub ahead of print]
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青少年和年轻人的哮喘和睡眠障碍：一项队列研究
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评价空间分辨的森林火灾烟雾模型用于基于人群的流行病暴露的评估
