新生儿中牛奶诱发的过敏和哮喘（Review）
2016/05/31
摘要
自从二十世纪后半期，儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率在几个工业化国家有所上升。在一些国家，患病率仍持续上升，在另外一些国家持续平稳甚至下降。据说，产前和生命早期的环境因素对哮喘和过敏性疾病的形成有影响。特别是接触微生物的变化在免疫系统的发展和成熟上有很大的作用。因此，影响微生物暴露的因素，如婴儿生产模式和使用抗生素，可能会影响哮喘和过敏性疾病的发展。
一些研究探讨围产因素、儿童使用抗生素、哮喘的风险之间的关联，结果都不一致。本综述将重点放在阐述关于婴儿上述过敏反应伴发哮喘影响因素的一些重要研究结果。同时，也会将婴儿牛奶摄入影响纳入到牛奶引起的过敏和哮喘的考虑范围。
（杨冬审校）
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016 Mar;20(6):1008-14.
Cow milk induced allergies (CMA) and asthma in new born.
Wang W1, Wu HW, Liu JF.
Author information
Abstract
The prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in childhood has increased in several industrialized countries since the second half of the twentieth century. In some countries, the prevalence is still rising, although in others it seems to have plateaued or even decreased. It has been suggested that environmental factors operating prenatally and in early life affect the development of asthma and allergic diseases. Particularly changes in microbial exposure are proposed to play an important role in the development and maturation of the immune system. Thus, the factors that affect microbial exposure, such as mode of delivery and the use of antibiotics, may influence the development of asthma and allergic diseases. Several studies have explored the associations between perinatal factors and children's use of antibiotics and the risk of asthma, with inconsistent findings. The present review article will be focused on the important findings related with factors responsible for above allergic reactions along with asthma in young infants. Also, the influence of cow milk intake will also be taken in account to cover the aspect of cow milk induced allergies and asthma in infants.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2016 Mar;20(6):1008-14.
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美国德克萨斯州东部不同人群之中环境空气污染和哮喘的患病率之间的联系
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儿童哮喘中的社会不平等现象：来自英国千禧年的队列研究结果
