哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：儿童过敏性和非过敏性哮喘的严重程度可以被微生物种群的暴露所影响。
   目的：我们力图检测通过特应性状况分层的室内微生物暴露与童年时期哮喘严重程度之间的联系。
   方法：受试者(n = 196)是从来自于美国康乃迪克州和马萨诸塞州的哮喘儿童队列中挑选出的。根据患儿的哮喘严重程度（轻度不伴有或伴有最轻微症状以及药物治疗或者持续性中到重度）和特应性的状态（由血清IgE水平决定）来分组。室内尘埃中微生物群落的构成和浓度用下一代DNA测序和定量PCR来测定。研究使用逻辑回归分析来探索哮喘严重程度和暴露程度之间的关系，包括种群的丰富性、群种的鉴别和定量、群落的构成、还有总的真菌和细菌的浓度。
   结果：除了使用距离比较t检验分析微生物群落的构成外，逻辑回归分析显示，在所有的儿童中，哮喘的加重与引起过敏的真菌种类总量浓度的增加、高真菌总浓度、以及高细菌丰富性显著相关。特应性患儿哮喘严重程度与真菌群落的构成相关(P = .001)。逻辑回归分析显示非特应性患儿的哮喘严重程度与总真菌浓度相关(优势比, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.06-5.44)。真菌周刺座霉属与特应性患儿哮喘严重度增加相关(P = .0001, q = 0.04)。酵母属的Kondoa对于患儿可能具有保护性；隐球菌属可能也会对哮喘的严重程度造成影响。
   结论：在这个儿童队列中，患儿哮喘的严重程度与微生物的暴露是相关的，而且相关性基于特应性状态而有所不同。

 

（杨冬 审校）
JAllergyClinImmunol. 2016Feb3.pii:S0091-6749(16)00030-0.doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.027. [Epub ahead of print]

Indoor microbial communities: Influence on asthma severity in atopic and nonatopic children.
 

Dannemiller KC1, Gent JF2, Leaderer BP2, Peccia J3.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Allergic and nonallergic asthma severity in children can be affected by microbial exposures.
OBJECTIVE:We sought to examine associations between exposures to household microbes and childhood asthma severity stratified by atopic status.
METHODS:Participants (n = 196) were selected from a cohort of asthmatic children in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Children were grouped according to asthma severity (mild with no or minimal symptoms and medication or moderate to severe persistent) and atopic status (determined by serum IgE levels). Microbial community structure and concentrations in house dust were determined by using next-generation DNA sequencing and quantitative PCR. Logistic regression was used to explore associations between asthma severity and exposure metrics, including richness, taxa identification and quantification, community composition, and concentration of total fungi and bacteria.
RESULTS:Among all children, increased asthma severity was significantly associated with an increased concentration of summed allergenic fungal species, high total fungal concentrations, and high bacterial richness by using logistic regression in addition to microbial community composition by using the distance comparison t test. Asthma severity in atopic children was associated with fungal community composition (P = .001). By using logistic regression, asthma severity in nonatopic children was associated with total fungal concentration (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.06-5.44). The fungal genus Volutella was associated with increased asthma severity in atopic children (P = .0001, q = 0.04). The yeast genera Kondoa might be protective; Cryptococcus species might also affect asthma severity.
CONCLUSION:Asthma severity among this cohort of children was associated with microbial exposure, and associations differed based on atopic status.
 

JAllergyClinImmunol. 2016Feb3.pii:S0091-6749(16)00030-0.doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.027. [Epub ahead of print]