哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：二手烟（SHS）和超重/肥胖是哮喘和低气道呼吸道症状的风险因素。我们研究了SHS或超重/肥胖是否也与过敏或非过敏性鼻炎相关。
   方法：在第二个SAPALDIA研究中我们获得了横断面的数据。来自瑞士8个社区的8047例受试者完成了调查问卷。收集5841例受试者的血标本并进行过敏原特异性IgE检测。过敏性鼻炎被定义为有鼻部症状且可测得IgE。根据鼻炎和/或特异性反应的存在与否将结果分为四类进行多元逻辑回归分析。
   结果：过敏性鼻炎的患病率为885例(15.2%)，非过敏性鼻炎的患病率为323例(5.5%)。被内科医生诊断为存在哮喘（相对风险比6.81; 95%可信区间 5.39, 8.6)、母亲来源的特异反应性(1.56; 1.27, 1.92)和父亲来源的特异反应性(1.41; 1.11, 1.79)的受试者其过敏性鼻炎的风险增加。年长的受试者(0.96; 0.95,0.97/年)、在农场长大的受试者(0.64; 0.49,0.84)、有兄长的受试者(0.92; 0.86,0.97/亲属)或来自农村的受试者是过敏性鼻炎的低风险人群。内科医生诊断为哮喘的受试者(4.02; 2.86, 5.67)非过敏性鼻炎的发生率也增加，这种趋势在男性较低(0.59; 0.46, 0.77)，但与在农村长大或有兄长无关。SHS或超重/肥胖与任何形式的鼻炎都无显著相关性。
   结论：过敏和非过敏性鼻炎与哮喘存在不同的风险因子。在瑞士存在显著的地域差异，且不能由检测到的因子进行解释。
 

（杨冬 审校）
AllergolInt.2015Dec24.pii:S1323-8930(15)00210-5.doi:10.1016/j.alit.2015.11.004. [Epub ahead of print]


 

Rhinitis in Swiss adults is associated with asthma and early life factors, but not second hand tobacco smoke or obesity.
 

Abramson MJ1, Schindler C2, Schikowski T3, Bircher AJ4, Burdet L5, Gerbase MW6, Imboden M2, Rochat T6, Schmid-Grendelmeier P7, Turk AJ8, Zemp E2, Künzli N2, Probst-Hensch N2.

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Second hand tobacco smoke (SHS) and overweight/obesity are risk factors for asthma and lower airway respiratory symptoms. We investigated whether SHS or overweight/obesity were also associated with allergic or non-allergic rhinitis.
METHODS:Cross-sectional data were obtained during the second SAPALDIA Study. Interviewer administered questionnaires were completed by 8047 participants from 8 communities in Switzerland. Blood was collected from 5841 participants and tested for allergen specific IgE. Allergic rhinitis was defined as nasal symptoms with detectable IgE. Data were analysed by multinomial logistic regression with four outcome categories defined according to the presence or absence of rhinitis and/or atopy.
RESULTS:The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 885 (15.2%) and non-allergic rhinitis 323 (5.5%). The risk of allergic rhinitis was increased in subjects with physician diagnosed asthma (Relative Risk Ratio 6.81; 95%CI 5.39, 8.6), maternal atopy (1.56; 1.27, 1.92) and paternal atopy (1.41; 1.11, 1.79). Older subjects were at lower risk (0.96; 0.95,0.97 per year), as were those raised on a farm (0.64; 0.49,0.84), with older siblings (0.92; 0.86,0.97 per sib) or from rural areas. The risk of non-allergic rhinitis was also increased in subjects with physician diagnosed asthma (4.02; 2.86, 5.67), reduced in males (0.59; 0.46, 0.77), but not associated with upbringing on a farm or older siblings. There were no significant associations of SHS or overweight/obesity with either form of rhinitis.
CONCLUSIONS:Allergic and non-allergic rhinitis have different risk factors apart from asthma. There are significant regional variations within Switzerland, which are not explained by the factors examined.
 

AllergolInt.2015Dec24.pii:S1323-8930(15)00210-5.doi:10.1016/j.alit.2015.11.004. [Epub ahead of print]