哮喘联盟

   摘要
   前言：环境空气污染暴露对肺功能的不利影响已被充分证实，但是，对少数种族/民族儿童影响的相关证据尚无。
   目的：本研究旨在评估少数民族哮喘儿童空气污染暴露与肺功能之间的关系，并探讨全球不同血统对这一关系的影响。
   方法：本研究人群包括了来自美国大陆和波多黎各五个不同地区的1,449例拉丁美洲和519例非裔美国哮喘儿童。根据受试者的居住环境和环境空气监测数据，测算了五种污染物[直径≤ 10 μm的颗粒物(PM10)、直径≤ 2.5 μm的颗粒物(PM2.5)、臭氧(O3)、二氧化氮(NO2)及二氧化硫(SO2)]，并对多个时间窗内的污染物水平进行评估。通过广义相加模型评价污染物暴露与肺功能之间的关系，并探讨暴露与血统之间的相互作用。
   检测数据与主要结果：整个研究人群中，平均一生PM2.5 暴露每增加5 μg/m3，与FEV1 降低7.7 %(95% CI: -11.8% - -3.5%)有关。血统并没有显著改变这一关系，但是非洲血统是肺功能的重要预测指标。
   结论：早期污染物暴露与拉丁美洲和非裔美国儿童哮喘患者的肺功能降低有关。这是首次根据基因组遗传血统评价少数民族哮喘儿童细颗粒污染物暴露与肺功能降低之间关系的研究。
 

（杨冬 审校）
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]


 

Air Pollution and Lung Function in Minority Youth with Asthma in the GALA II & SAGE II Studies.
 

Neophytou AM1, White MJ2, Oh SS3, Thakur N4, Galanter JM5,6, Nishimura KK7, Pino-Yanes M5,8, Torgerson DG9, Gignoux CR10,11, Eng C12, Nguyen EA13, Hu D14, Mak AC15, Kumar R16, Seibold MA17, Davis A18, Farber HJ19, Meade K20, Avila PC21, Serebrisky D22,23, Lenoir MA24, Brigino-Buenaventura E25, Rodriguez-Cintron W26, Bibbins-Domingo K27, Thyne SM28, Williams LK29,30, Sen S31, Gilliland FD32, Gauderman WJ33,Rodriguez-Santana JR34, Lurmann F35, Balmes JR36,37, Eisen EA38, Burchard EG5,39.
 

Abstract
RATIONALE:Adverse effects of exposures to ambient air pollution on lung function are well documented but evidence in racial/ethnic minority children is lacking.
OBJECTIVES:Assess the relationship between air pollution and lung function in minority children with asthma, and possible modification by global genetic ancestry.
METHODS:The study population consisted of 1,449 Latino and 519 African American children with asthma from five different geographical regions in the mainland U.S. and Puerto Rico. We examined five pollutants [particulate matter ≤ 10 μm (PM10) and 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2)], derived from participant residential history and ambient air monitoring data, and assessed over several time windows. We fit generalized additive models for associations between pollutant exposures and lung function parameters, and tested for interaction terms between exposures and genetic ancestry.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:A 5 μg/m3 increase in average lifetime PM2.5 exposure was associated with a 7.7 % decrease in FEV1 (95% confidence interval: -11.8%, -3.5%) in the overall study population. Global genetic ancestry did not appear to significantly modify these associations, but percent African ancestry was a significant predictor of lung function.
CONCLUSIONS:Early-life particulate exposures were associated with reduced lung function in Latino and African American children with asthma. This is the first study to report an association between exposure to fine particulate matter and reduced lung function in minority children in which racial/ethnic status was measured by genome-wide genetic ancestry.
 

Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2016 Jan 6. [Epub ahead of print]