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不同成人哮喘表型证实可以反映痰嗜酸粒细胞炎症的生物标志物

2015/12/29

   摘要
   研究背景:
气道嗜酸性粒细胞炎症是区分成人特定哮喘表型的一个重要因素。而痰嗜酸粒细胞计数可以作为评估此气道炎症类型的金标准。基于对痰嗜酸粒细胞治疗可以减少哮喘急性加重。痰嗜酸粒细胞可以通过多种生物标志物来评估。但是不同哮喘表型中,这些生物标记物的诊断准确性有差异。
   研究目的:进一步了解不同哮喘表型中,多种生物标记物包括外周血中嗜酸性粒细胞计数,FeNO,总IgE水平对于痰嗜酸性粒细胞(>3%)水平的诊断准确性。
   研究方法:采用前瞻性的临床观察,从五所医院的呼吸科门诊纳入336名成年哮喘患者,测量其血中以及痰中的嗜酸性粒细胞,FeNO,以及总的IgE。检测痰嗜酸性粒细胞计数准确性可以用曲线下面积(AUC)进行评估。比较严重型,非严重型,肥胖,非肥胖,特应性,非特应性,吸烟相关的,非吸烟相关的不同哮喘表型之间的差异。
   研究结果:有116名患者检测诱导痰的嗜酸性粒细胞水平,所有研究对象中用来预测痰嗜酸粒细胞炎症,血嗜酸性粒细胞AUC为0.83(95%CI 0.78-0.87),FeNO为0.82(95% CI 0.77-0.87),总IgE为0.69(95% CI 0.63-0.75)。在不同哮喘表型中血嗜酸粒细胞以及FeNO的AUC相似,而总IgE在肥胖型,特应性哮喘较非肥胖型,非特应性哮喘中准确性更差。
   研究结论:血嗜酸性粒细胞及FeNO相对于总IgE更能反映成人哮喘患者痰嗜酸粒细胞水平,且与哮喘亚型如严重性、非特应性、肥胖和吸烟相关哮喘无关。
   评论:FeNO和血嗜酸粒细胞相对总IgE更能准确反映成人哮喘患者气道嗜酸粒细胞炎症,且与哮喘亚型无关,可能与导致气道嗜酸粒细胞炎症的不同机制也无关。未来还需跟多临床试验和这两种标志物的评估,结合FeNO和血嗜酸粒细胞可能更好的预测气道嗜酸粒细胞炎症,进而指导成人哮喘不同亚型的治疗。

 

 
(南方医科大学南方医院 熊婧 赵海金 )
Westerhof, G.A., et al., Biomarkers to identify sputum eosinophilia in different adult asthma phenotypes. Eur Respir J, 2015. 46(3): p. 688-96.


 


Biomarkers to identify sputum eosinophilia in different adult asthma phenotypes

ABSTRACT
Several biomarkers have been used to assess sputum eosinophilia in asthma. It has been suggested that the diagnostic accuracy of these biomarkers might differ between asthma phenotypes. We investigated the accuracy of biomarkers in detecting sputum eosinophilia (⩾3%) in different adult asthma phenotypes.
Levels of eosinophils in blood and sputum, exhaled nitric oxide fraction (FeNO) and total immunoglobulin (Ig)E from 336 adult patients, enrolled in three prospective observational clinical trials and recruited at five pulmonology outpatient departments, were analysed. Areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUC) for detecting sputum eosinophilia were calculated and compared between severe and mild, obese and nonobese, atopic and nonatopic and (ex-)smoking and never-smoking asthma patients.
Sputum eosinophilia was present in 116 patients (35%). In the total group the AUC was 0.83 (95% CI 0.78–0.87) for blood eosinophils, 0.82 (0.77–0.87) for FeNO and 0.69 (0.63–0.75) for total IgE. AUCs were similar for blood eosinophils and FeNO between different phenotypes. Total IgE was less accurate in detecting sputum eosinophilia in atopic and obese patients than in nonatopic and nonobese patients.
Blood eosinophils and FeNO had comparable diagnostic accuracy (superior to total IgE) in identifying sputum eosinophilia in adult asthma patients, irrespective of asthma phenotype such as severe, nonatopic, obese and smoking-related asthma.
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Westerhof, G.A., et al., Biomarkers to identify sputum eosinophilia in different adult asthma phenotypes. Eur Respir J, 2015. 46(3): p. 688-96.

 


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