哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景： 哮喘和过敏症是常见的，其症状和痛苦，以及住院和用药成本导致了沉重的负担。然而，尽管发病率高，2000年代芬兰的哮喘负担已经减少了。
   目的：我们开展了一项哮喘晴雨表调查，研究从2001年到2010年所有芬兰药店在哮喘严重程度和控制方面的变化和卫生保健服务的使用。
   方法：分别在2001年和2010年，对一周内从全国各地药房购买哮喘或过敏的药物的患者的哮喘严重程度，合并过敏性疾病情况，以及使用的药物和医疗服务进行了评估。2001年，3062例患者（平均年龄49岁）参与评估；2010年，1114例患者（平均年龄51岁）参与评估。
   结果：2001年有90％，而2010年有73％调查对象被医师诊断为哮喘，并有资格享受其药品费用的特别报销，也就是说，他们需要定期的维持治疗。 2001年，10％哮喘患者认为自己病情严重，相比而言2010年只有4％；而轻度哮喘的数字分别为45％和62％（p <0.001）。患者在过去一年需要急救护理的比例从34％（2001年）下降到14％（2010年）（p <0.001），需要住院的比例由18％降至6％（p <0.001）。吸烟的哮喘患者从24％减少到18％（p =0.002）。 在2010年，严重哮喘的危险因素是高龄，合并过敏性湿疹和食物过敏。
   结论：在十年间，芬兰的自我报告的哮喘严重程度已经降低，疾病的控制得到改善。

 

（苏欣 审校）
Asia Pac Allergy. 2015 Jan;5(1):32-9. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.2015.5.1.32. Epub 2015 Jan 28.

Reduced severity and improved control of self-reported asthma in Finland during 2001-2010.

Kauppi P1, Peura S2, Salimäki J2, Järvenpää S3, Linna M4, Haahtela T1.

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Asthma and allergies are common and cause substantial burden in symptoms and suffering, hospitalizations and medication costs. However, despite the high prevalence, asthma burden has already decreased in Finland in 2000s.
OBJECTIVE: We carried out an asthma barometer survey in all Finnish pharmacies to study changes in asthma severity and control, and use of health care services from 2001 to 2010.
METHODS:Asthma severity, comorbid allergic conditions, and use of medication and health care services were assessed in subjects who purchased asthma or allergy medication from the pharmacies all across the country during one week in 2001 and again in 2010. In 2001, 3,062 patients (mean age, 49 years), and in 2010, 1,114 patients (mean age, 51 years) participated.
RESULTS: In 2001 90% and in 2010 73% of the respondents reported physician-diagnosed asthma and were entitled to special reimbursement for their drug costs, i.e., they needed regular maintenance treatment. In 2001, 10% of the asthmatics regarded their disease as severe, compared with 4% in 2010, while the figures for mild asthma were 45% and 62%, respectively (p < 0.001). The proportion of patients needing emergency care during the last year decreased from 34% (2001) to 14% (2010) (p < 0.001) and the need for hospitalizations from 18% to 6% (p < 0.001). Smoking reduced from 24% to 18% among asthmatics ( p = 0.002). In 2010, risk factors for severe asthma were older age, comorbid atopic eczema, and food allergy.
CONCLUSION: During ten years, self-reported asthma severity has reduced and disease control improved in Finland.

Asia Pac Allergy. 2015 Jan;5(1):32-9. doi: 10.5415/apallergy.2015.5.1.32. Epub 2015 Jan 28.