哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景： 由工作条件引起哮喘的恶化是常见的，但鲜为人知的是哪些物质会带来风险。
   目的：我们使用一项现有的成年哮喘患者调查数据，以确定与哮喘严重恶化相关的职业接触。
   设计：调查问卷由557名患有哮喘的在职成年人完成。在过去12个月内的哮喘严重恶化被定义为哮喘相关的住院治疗，或计划外使用短疗程口服糖皮质激素的哮喘护理和治疗的报告。用哮喘特定的工作接触模型来评估在相同时间段的职业接触。我们模拟了严重恶化以得出不同接触的现患比（PRs），同时控制了潜在的混杂因素。
   结果：共有164名（29％）参与者发生哮喘严重恶化， 227名（40.8％）被评价为在工作中接触了哮喘物质。观察到几个特定物质具有高现患比，尤其是刺激物亚类的环境烟草烟雾对所有参与者（PR1.84，95％CI1.34-2.51），无机粉尘对男性参与者（PR2.53，95％CI1.37-4.67）以及低分子量亚类的其他高活性物质对女性参与者（PR1.97，95％CI1.08-3.60）。
   结论：在职成年哮喘患者病情的严重恶化与若干职业接触物质相关。
 

（苏楠 审校）
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Feb;19(2):244-50. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0132.
 

Occupational exposures associated with severe exacerbation of asthma.
 

Henneberger PK1, Liang X1, Lillienberg L2, Dahlman-Höglund A2, Torén K2, Andersson E2.
 

Abstract
BACKGROUND:The exacerbation of asthma by workplace conditions is common, but little is known about which agents pose a risk.
OBJECTIVE: We used data from an existing survey of adults with asthma to identify occupational exposures associated with severe exacerbation of asthma.
DESIGN: Questionnaires were completed by 557 working adults with asthma. Severe exacerbation of asthma in the past 12 months was defined as asthma-related hospitalization, or reports of both unplanned asthma care and treatment with a short course of oral corticosteroids. Occupational exposures for the same time period were assessed using an asthma-specific job exposure matrix. We modeled severe exacerbation to yield prevalence ratios (PRs) for exposures while controlling for potential confounders.
RESULTS: A total of 164 participants (29%) were positive for severe exacerbation, and 227 (40.8%) were assessed as being exposed to asthma agents at work. Elevated PRs were observed for several specific agents, notably the irritant subcategories of environmental tobacco smoke (PR 1.84, 95%CI 1.34-2.51) among all participants, inorganic dusts (PR 2.53, 95%CI 1.37-4.67) among men, and the low molecular weight subcategory of other highly reactive agents (PR 1.97, 95%CI 1.08-3.60) among women.
CONCLUSION: Among working adults with asthma, severe exacerbation was associated with several occupational agents.
 

Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2015 Feb;19(2):244-50. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.14.0132.