哮喘联盟

   摘要
   空气污染已被证明能增加哮喘发作次数，通常采用住院率评估。我们假定哮喘缓解药物的购买可反映环境暴露与哮喘急性发作之间的广泛联系。采用时间序列分析，i2005年-2011年期间，我们通过药物购买情况来评估沙尘暴与轻度哮喘症状的相关性。我们将结果与因沙尘暴导致哮喘和哮喘样症状住院治疗的评估结果进行比较，检测到289种以直径<10微米高水平的颗粒物为特征的沙尘暴。我们纳入了42920例伴有哮喘，喘息或哮喘样症状的儿童，其中2418例接受了住院治疗。我们观察到在轻度沙尘暴当天哮喘药物购买的风险高（相对危险度1.05，95％CI为1.00-1.10），药物购买的下一个峰值为3天后，其在贝都因阿拉伯人的儿童中更明显。分层分析显示，贝都因阿拉伯儿童具有更高的住院治疗风险;尤其是居住在临时住房（相对危险度1.33，95％CI1.04-1.71）的儿童。我们观察到轻度沙尘暴相关的哮喘药物购买的风险增加。农村贝都因阿拉伯人的住院风险更为明显。
 

（林江涛 审校）
Eur Respir J. 2014 Oct 16. pii: erj00786-2014. [Epub ahead of print]
 

Non-anthropogenic dust exposure and asthma medication purchase in children.
 

Yitshak-Sade M1, Novack V2, Katra I3, Gorodischer R4, Tal A4, Novack L5.
 

ABSTRACT
Air pollution has been shown to increase frequency of asthma attacks, as usually measured by hospitalisation rates. We hypothesise that purchase of asthma reliever medications will reflect a broader association between the environmental exposure and asthma exacerbations. In a time series analysis, we estimated the association of dust storms with mild asthma manifestations, as indicated by medication purchases, during 2005-2011. We compared our results with the estimation of the association of dust storms with hospitalisations due to asthma and asthma-like symptoms. We detected 289 dust storms characterised by high levels of particulate matter <10 μm in diameter. We identified 42 920 children with asthma, wheezing or asthma-like symptoms, of whom 2418 were hospitalised. We observed a higher risk of asthma medication purchase on the day of a mild dust storm (relative risk 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.10). The next peak in drug purchases was 3 days later and was more pronounced among Bedouin-Arab children. Stratified analyses showed higher risks for hospitalisation among Bedouin-Arab children; especially among children living in temporary houses (relative risk 1.33, 95% CI 1.04-1.71). We observed an increased risk of asthma medication purchase associated with mild dust storms. The risk observed for hospitalisation was more pronounced among the rural Bedouin-Arab population.
 

Eur Respir J. 2014 Oct 16. pii: erj00786-2014. [Epub ahead of print]