哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：参与行为支持计划有助于烟民戒烟。相较于富裕烟民，贫困烟民对戒烟活动的参与更少。为了更好地解释这一问题，我们需要深入研究经济条件较差烟民与其它烟民相比，为何对戒烟活动参与度不同，以了解这一现象潜藏的原因。本研究旨在探索荷兰一处贫困街区的烟民对免费戒烟行为支持项目的不同参与度，希望找出烟民潜在的参与动机、障碍以及得到的社会支持。
   方法：对29名参加群体戒烟治疗或电话咨询的贫困街区烟民进行定性访谈，并对结果进行编码和分析。访谈主题为参与动机、遇到的障碍以及社会支持。动机和社会支持根据自我决定理论进行分析。
   结果：研究发现了两种不同的参与情况：未参与次数不超过两次（经常参与者）以及未参与次数超过两次（不经常参与者）。两种参与者间参与动机、参与障碍以及受到的社会支持水平均不同。与不经常参与者相比，经常参与者常拥有内在参与动机（如喜欢参加）和更多自主外在参与动机（如对家人承诺去参与戒烟或希望能戒烟等）。大多数提到内在动机的烟民并未把想要戒烟作为参与的动机之一。经常参与者并未提及戒烟活动组织上存在障碍，例如对活动组织细节的误解。在课程内外，经常参与者受到了更多的社会支持。
   结论：尽管参与行为支持计划的动机不一定都是戒烟，但其显然是贫困街区烟民参与戒烟课程的重要原因。关注于增加戒烟动机可能有助于防止行为支持计划参与者错过戒烟课程。

 
 

（刘国梁 审校）
 BMC Public Health. 2014 Jul 7;14(1):695. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Wanting to attend isn't just wanting to quit: why some disadvantaged smokers regularly attend smoking cessation therapy while others do not: a qualitative study.
 

Benson FE, Stronks K, Willemsen MC, Bogaerts NM, Nierkens V.
 

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Attendance of a behavioural support programme facilitates smoking cessation. Disadvantaged smokers have been shown to attend less than their more affluent peers. We need to gain in-depth insight into underlying reasons for differing attendance behaviour in disadvantaged smokers, to better address this issue. This study aims to explore the underlying motivations, barriers and social support of smokers exhibiting different patterns of attendance at a free smoking cessation behavioural support programme in a disadvantaged neighbourhood of The Netherlands.
METHODS: In 29 smokers undertaking smoking cessation group therapy or telephone counselling in a disadvantaged neighbourhood, qualitative interviews were completed, coded and analysed. Major themes were motivations, barriers to attend and social support. Motivations and social support were analysed with reference to the self-determination theory.
RESULTS: Two distinct patterns of attendance emerged: those who missed up to two sessions ("frequent attenders"), and those who missed more than two sessions ("infrequent attenders"). The groups differed in their motivations to attend, barriers to attendance, and in the level of social support they received. In comparison with the infrequent attenders, frequent attenders more often had intrinsic motivation to attend (e.g. enjoyed attending), and named more self-determined extrinsic motivations to attend, such as commitment to attendance and wanting to quit. Most of those mentioning intrinsic motivation did not mention a desire to quit as a motivation for attendance. No organizational barriers to attendance were mentioned by frequent attenders, such as misunderstandings around details of appointments. Frequent attenders experienced more social support within and outside the course.
CONCLUSION: Motivation to attend behavioural support, as distinct from motivation to quit smoking, is an important factor in attendance of smoking cessation courses in disadvantaged areas. Some focus on increasing motivation to attend may help to prevent participants missing sessions.
 

BMC Public Health. 2014 Jul 7;14(1):695. [Epub ahead of print]