哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：流行病学证据表明，在西方国家哮喘的发病年龄和早期过敏原的致敏作用在逐年下降。为了探索潜在的趋势，本研究回顾性分析了日本哮喘儿童的哮喘发病年龄和抗吸入性过敏原的特异性IgE抗体。
   方法：本病例分析研究，纳入了103例过敏性哮喘儿童(年龄2-16岁，平均年龄9.4± 3.4岁)。根据日本指南确定哮喘和过敏性鼻炎的诊断。也可由医师对哮喘发病和过敏性鼻炎确诊。通过外周血液中9个常见吸入性过敏原的特异性血清IgE水平评估过敏原的致敏作用。特异性哮喘定义为至少对一种气源性致敏原阳性。
   结果：哮喘发病的平均年龄为2.3 ± 1.9岁，略低于先前的研究报告，其中包括在日本发表的研究报告。高达80%的患病率由于常年性抗原，包括嗜皮螨属和室内尘埃，正如早先研究报告。特别是年龄在1岁的一些 儿童对这些过敏原测试为阳性。
   结论：与先前的研究报告比较，哮喘发病年龄似乎有所下降。而且，抗吸入性过敏原过敏作用的发病年龄也有下降趋势。
 

（林江涛 审校）
Allergol Int. 2014 May;63 Suppl 1:23-8. doi: 10.2332/allergolint.13-OA-0631.

 

Age at onset of asthma and allergen sensitization early in life.
 

Kato M1, Yamada Y1, Maruyama K2, Hayashi Y3.
 

ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence indicates that the age at onset of asthma and allergen sensitization in early life is decreasing in people from Western countries. To explore latent trends, we conducted a retrospective examination of the age at onset of asthma and specific IgE antibodies against inhalant allergens in Japanese asthmatic children.
METHODS: We conducted a case series study of 103 consecutive children with atopic type of asthma (aged 2 years to 16 years, mean age 9.4 ± 3.4 years). Diagnoses of asthma and allergic rhinitis were defined according to Japanese guidelines. The onset of asthma and allergic rhinitis was also defined as any report of asthma and allergic rhinitis confirmed by a physician. Allergen sensitization was evaluated as specific serum IgE levels for 9 common inhalant allergens in peripheral blood. Atopic type of asthma was defined as a being positive for at least one aeroallergen.
RESULTS: Mean age at asthma onset was 2.3 ± 1.9 years, which is slightly lower than that of previous reports, including those published in Japan. A high prevalence rate of up to 80% was found for perennial antigens including Dermatophagoides spp. and house dust, as reported previously. Notably, some of the children aged at 1 year tested positive for these allergens.
CONCLUSIONS: The age at onset of asthma seems to be decreasing in comparison with previous reports. Furthermore, the age at onset of allergen sensitization against inhalant allergens appears to follow this trend.
 

Allergol Int. 2014 May;63 Suppl 1:23-8. doi: 10.2332/allergolint.13-OA-0631