哮喘联盟

   摘要
   哮喘是儿童疾病、缺课以及住院治疗的主要原因。运动型哮喘(EIA)是在儿童中普遍存在的一种哮喘类型。EIA在运动期间会引起气道狭窄并伴有咳嗽症状和气促而。本文目的旨在对儿童和青少年EIA筛查的文献作一综述，并报告学校护理主导的EIA筛查项目的发展情况。通过pubmed搜索关键词进行EIA筛查试验的系统性回顾。纳入67篇文章，回顾后仅7篇符合入选标准。6分钟运动激发试验是最常见的筛查试验。，以学校为基础的筛查项目对于明确未确诊儿童和青少年的EIA具有潜在可行性。学校护理人员是具有在学校中成功开展筛查项目必备知识和技能的健康专业人员。基于文献回顾的结果，提示可在学校中开展筛查项目以辨识未确诊的EIA儿童。
 

（林江涛 审校）
J Sch Nurs. 2014 Feb 12. [Epub ahead of print]
 

A Systematic Review of the Literature on Screening for Exercise-Induced Asthma: Considerations for School Nurses.
 

Worrell K, Shaw MR, Postma J, Katz JR.
 

Abstract
Asthma is a major cause of illness, missed school days, and hospitalization in children. One type of asthma common in children is exercise-induced asthma (EIA). EIA causes airway narrowing with symptoms of cough and shortness of breath during exercise. The purpose of this article is to review the literature relevant to screening children and adolescents for EIA and to inform development of a school nurse-led EIA screening program. A systematic review of EIA screening tests was conducted by searching PUBMED for key terms. Sixty-seven articles were identified; after review only seven met the inclusion criteria. The most common screening test was the 6-min exercise challenge. School-based screening programs have the potential to identify EIA among undiagnosed children and adolescents. School nurses are health professionals with the knowledge and skills necessary to develop successful screening programs in the school setting. Based on results of the literature review, we present implications for developing screening programs in schools to identify children with undiagnosed EIA.
 

J Sch Nurs. 2014 Feb 12. [Epub ahead of print]