哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本研究介绍在学校给予儿童(2-5年级)以及家访时给予父母的哮喘自我管理教育干预的结果。
   方法：在一项为期12个月的纵向研究中检测干预的有效性，研究将183例确诊为哮喘的儿童根据初级学校随机分为治疗组和关注的对照组。在四个时间点收集数据。通过线性混合效应模型检查其随着时间的变化。
   结果：所有儿童的生活质量(QOL)、住院治疗和急诊次数均显著改善。非裔美国儿童以及墨西哥美国儿童与白人儿童相比，哮喘相关生活质量更差。哮喘管理行为、哮喘自我效能感和处理也同样改善，并且女孩的改善显著高于男孩。与对照组相比，治疗组儿童吸入技巧和哮喘严重程度显著改善。治疗组父母显著改善了家庭哮喘管理和自我效能。
   结论：提高吸入技巧对于执业医师是一个重要的发现，应作为一种习惯应用于临床机构。治疗组哮喘严重程度分数的减少，显示随着他们吸入技术的提高也改善了药物治疗。男孩和女孩改善的差别指出在哮喘教育中需要测试能熟练掌握不同学习方式的其他形式。个体化的父母哮喘教育使干预者能结合邻里和家庭环境信息，从而就以根据父母的指导量体裁衣。
 

（苏楠 审校）
J Asthma. 2013 Nov 7. [Epub ahead of print]
 

Evaluating the effect of an asthma self-management intervention for rural families.
 

Horner SD, Brown A.
 

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To present outcomes of an asthma self-management educational intervention delivered to children (grades 2-5) at school and to parents in a home visit.
METHODS: The intervention effectiveness was tested in a 12-month longitudinal study with randomization by elementary schools into treatment and attention-control groups with 183 children who had a diagnosis of asthma. Data were collected at four time points. Change over time was examined with linear mixed models.
RESULTS: Quality of life (QOL), hospitalizations, and emergency department visits improved significantly for all the children. African American and Mexican American children had worse asthma-related QOL than did White children. Asthma management behaviors, asthma self-efficacy, and coping likewise improved with girls improving significantly more than the boys. Significant improvements in inhaler skill and asthma severity were seen in the treatment group children when compared to the control group. Treatment group parents showed significant improvements in home asthma management and self-efficacy.
CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in inhaler skill is an important finding for practitioners as this is a behavior that can be addressed in the clinical setting. The reduction in the treatment group's asthma severity scores may reflect the improvement in medication delivery as their inhaler skill improved. The differential improvement between boys and girls points to the need for testing other formats in asthma education that can address different learning styles. The individualized parent asthma education enabled the intervener to incorporate neighborhood and home environmental information thereby allowing for tailoring of parental instruction.
 

J Asthma. 2013 Nov 7. [Epub ahead of print]