哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：确定不同年龄群儿童的哮喘、特异性湿疹和花粉症发生率，并研究其与父母社会经济地位的关系。
   方法：对哥本哈根自治区四个完整出生队列进行横断面健康调查。11岁和15岁的儿童以及3岁和6岁儿童的父母完成了症状和疾病问卷。数据被链接到国家登记簿上的人口统计资料和社会经济地位资料（衡量指标为教育、职业和收入）。一共9720名(50.5%)儿童/父母进行了反馈。
   结果：哮喘和花粉症发生率随年龄增长而增加；哮喘：从3岁儿童发生率3.2%到15岁儿童发生率15.4%；花粉症：从3岁儿童发生率3.1%到15岁儿童发生率21.3%。特异性湿疹的发生率不随年龄而变化，范围为15.5% 到17.8%。父母教育水平最低的儿童相比父母教育水平最高的儿童的哮喘比值比(OR)为1.50 (95% CI = 1.17-1.91)；花粉症OR为1.68 (95% CI = 1.35-2.10)；特异性湿疹OR为0.75 (95% CI = 0.64-0.89) 。失业与特异性湿疹或湿疹症状风险降低明显相关。家庭收入与以上任何结局无独立关系。
   结论：除了特异性湿疹，哮喘和花粉症发生率均随着年龄增长而增加。特异性湿疹与父母高教育水平相关，而哮喘和花粉症与低教育水平相关。未发现家庭收入与以上疾病相关。
 

（苏楠 审校）
Scand J Public Health. 2013 Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print]


 

Association between parental socioeconomic position and prevalence of asthma, atopic eczema and hay fever in children.
 

Hammer-Helmich L, Linneberg A, Thomsen SF, Glümer C.
 

ABSTRACT
AIM: To determine the prevalence of asthma, atopic eczema and hay fever among children in different age groups and examine the associations with parental socioeconomic position.
METHODS: A cross-sectional health survey of four complete birth-cohorts in the municipality of Copenhagen was conducted. Children aged 11 and 15 years and parents of children aged 3 and 6 years completed questionnaires on symptoms and diseases. Data were linked to national registers on demographics and socioeconomic position measured as education, employment and income. In total, 9720 children/parents responded (50.5%).
RESULTS: The prevalence of asthma and hay fever increased with increasing age; asthma: from 3.2% among children aged 3 years to 15.4% among children aged 15 years; hay fever: from 3.1% among children aged 3 years to 21.3% among children aged 15 years. The prevalence of atopic eczema did not vary with age and ranged between 15.5% and 17.8%. Odds Ratios for children of parents with the lowest vs. the highest educational level were 1.50 (95% CI = 1.17-1.91) for asthma; 1.68 (95% CI = 1.35-2.10) for hay fever; and 0.75 (95% CI = 0.64-0.89) for atopic eczema. Unemployment was significantly associated with a decreased risk of atopic eczema and eczema symptoms. There was no independent association between household income and any of the outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of asthma and hay fever, but not atopic eczema, increased with increasing age. Atopic eczema was associated with high parental educational level, whereas asthma and hay fever were associated with low educational level. No association with household income was found.
 

Scand J Public Health. 2013 Oct 2. [Epub ahead of print]