哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：在医疗保健业中，由于戊二醛、乳胶和清洁剂等接触制剂，工作相关性哮喘的比例较高。 
   目的：旨在了解医务人员（HCWs）职业性哮喘（OA）的病因和发展趋势。  
   方法：从1991年至2011年，在英国西米德兰兹郡，评估OA的相关信息，通过米德兰胸科学会职业性哮喘(SHIELD)数据库获得监测方法、职业数据、诱因和年度登记信息。
   结果：HCWs中有182例OA(年度登记的中位数 = 7; 四分位差 [IQR] = 5-11)，即每年有5%-19%的SHIELD。年度登记数为20（在1996年）。随后，登记数下降且与总的SHIELD登记数一致。大多数病例出现在护理，手术室和内窥镜检查和放射科人员(共136; 占75%)。最相关的制剂是戊二醛 (n = 69), 乳胶 (n = 47) 和清洁剂(n = 27),在182例病例中占79%。与OA相关的清洁剂是一个新的诱因，2001年后相关病例有22例，而1991年至2000年仅5例。
   结论：尽管对于暴露于清洁剂中的HCWs而言OA仍然是个问题，不过如国民健康服务数据所见，HCWs者由于乳胶和戊二醛相关的OA已经下降。尚需继续帮助这一职业人群。
 

（林江涛 审校）
 2013 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print]

 

Agents and trends in health care workers' occupational asthma.

Walters GI, Moore VC, McGrath EE, Burge PS, Henneberger PK.

Abstract
BACKGROUND ：There is a disproportionately high number of cases of work-related asthma occurring in health care occupations due to agents such as glutaraldehyde, latex and cleaning products.
AIMS：To understand the causes and measure trends over time of occupational asthma (OA) in health care workers (HCWs).
METHODS：We reviewed OA notifications from the Midland Thoracic Society's Surveillance Scheme of Occupational Asthma (SHIELD) database in the West Midlands, UK, from 1991 to 2011 and gathered data on occupation, causative agent and annual number of notifications.
RESULTS：There were 182 cases of OA in HCWs (median annual notifications = 7; interquartile range [IQR] = 5-11), representing 5-19% of annual SHIELD notifications. The modal annual notification was 20 (in 1996); notifications have declined since then, in line with total SHIELD notifications. The majority of cases (136; 75%) occurred in nursing, operating theatre, endoscopy and radiology staff. The most frequently implicated agents were glutaraldehyde (n = 69), latex (n = 47) and cleaning products (n = 27), accounting for 79% of the 182 cases. Cleaning product-related OA was an emerging cause with 22 cases after 2001 and only 5 cases between 1991 and 2000.ConclusionsControl measures within the UK National Health Service have seen a decline in OA in HCWs due to latex and glutaraldehyde, though OA remains a problem amongst HCWs exposed to cleaning products.
CONTINUING：efforts are required to limit the number of cases in this employment sector.
 

2013 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print]