哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：宠物暴露在儿童期哮喘和过敏症中所起的作用仍存在分歧。本试验旨在学龄期儿童中研究不同儿童期宠物饲养与哮喘和致敏的关系。
   方法：149名年龄为7～14岁的儿童入选本研究。74名儿童目前患有医生诊断的哮喘，75名儿童无哮喘。通过问卷调查研究宠物饲养情况。对宠物过敏原的致敏性通过皮肤针刺试验和检测血清IgE浓度进行来评价。Logistic回归分析用于评价潜在的混杂因素。
   结果：早期、曾经和目前饲养宠物与哮喘无显著相关。儿童期饲养猫或狗与哮喘也无关。然而，早期饲养宠物与宠物过敏原致敏显著相关（校正调整后优势比[aOR]：24.11; 95%CI：3.28-177.27）。进一步分析显示，仅早期饲养猫与对猫过敏原致敏显著相关（aOR, 51.59; 95% CI: 2.28-1167.07）。1岁后饲养猫或狗与这些过敏原致敏无关。
   结论：本研究结果显示，饲养猫或狗不会增加哮喘风险。然而，1岁以内饲养猫能增加对猫过敏原的致敏。考虑到本研究样本量较小，有必要进行大样本、前瞻性、出生队列研究，评价宠物饲养与哮喘和致敏的关系。
 

（刘国梁 审校）
Pediatr Int.2013 Feb 20.doi:10.1111/ped.12071. [Epub ahead of print]
 

association between pet keeping and asthma in school children.
 
Medjo B, Atanaskovic-Markovic M, Nikolic D, Spasojevic-Dimitrijeva B, Ivanovski P, Djukic S.

Source
Pediatric intensive care unit, University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Abstract
BACKGROUND: The role of pet exposure in childhood asthma and allergy is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between pet keeping during different periods of childhood and asthma and sensitization in school children.
METHODS: One hundred and forty-nine children aged between 7 and 14 years were enrolled in this study. Seventy-four children were with current physician-diagnosed asthma, while 75 children were without asthma. Pet keeping was investigated by questionnaire. Allergic sensitization to pet allergen was assessed by skin prick tests and specific serum IgE concentration. Logistic regression analyses were performed taking into account potential confounders.
RESULTS: Early, past and current pet keeping was not significantly associated with asthma. Neither owning a cat nor dog during childhood was associated with asthma. However, early pet keeping was significantly associated with sensitization to pet allergens (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 24.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.28-177.27). Further analysis showed that only early cat keeping was significantly associated with sensitization to cat allergen (aOR, 51.59; 95% CI: 2.28-1167.07). Keeping a cat or a dog after first year of life was not associated with sensitization to those allergens.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that keeping a cat or a dog does not increase risk for asthma. However, keeping a cat in the first year of life increases risk of sensitization to cat allergen. Considering that this is a relatively small study, larger, prospective, birth cohort studies are required in our country to assess accurately relation between pet keeping, asthma and sensitization.
 

Pediatr Int. 2013 Feb 20. doi: 10.1111/ped.12071. [Epub ahead of print]