哮喘联盟

   摘要
   目的：本试验在青少年吸烟者中研究哮喘是否能预测尼古丁依赖性和戒烟尝试失败。此外，研究尼古丁依赖性是否能解释哮喘与戒烟尝试失败之间的关系。
   方法：对286名年龄为12～15岁的青少年进行纵向调查，这些受试者在基线状态下从不使用烟草，随访22个月时均为当前吸烟者。采用回归分析研究4个哮喘指标（当前喘息、哮喘指针、症状严重程度和当前诊断的哮喘）对尼古丁依赖性和戒烟尝试的影响。
   结果：与无哮喘或症状较轻的青少年相比，有哮喘指征的青少年和症状严重程度较高的青少年，在过去12个月内随时间出现较高水平的尼古丁依赖性、发生戒烟尝试失败的次数也较多。尼古丁依赖性部分介导了哮喘症状对戒烟尝试失败的影响。当前喘息和当前诊断为哮喘不能预测尼古丁依赖性和戒烟尝试失败。
   结论：有哮喘症状的年轻人可能更快出现尼古丁依赖性，这也部分解释了哮喘青少年患者戒烟尝试失败发生率较高的原因。鼓励进行预防吸烟和实施戒烟计划，为哮喘年轻患者提供额外支持，关注尼古丁依赖的生理和心理方面问题。
 

（苏楠 审校）
2013 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]
 

Effects of Asthma on Nicotine Dependence Development and Smoking Cessation Attempts in Adolescence.
 
Van De Ven MO, van Zundert RM, Engels RC.

Source
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen , Nijmegen , the Netherlands.
Abstract 
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether asthma predicts the development of nicotine dependence and unsuccessful smoking cessation attempts in adolescent smokers. In addition, it was tested whether nicotine dependence could explain the relation between asthma and unsuccessful cessation attempts.
METHODS: A longitudinal survey study was conducted among 286 adolescents (aged 12-15 at T1) who had never used tobacco at baseline and were current smokers at follow-up 22 months later. Regression analyses were applied to test the effects of four asthma indicators (current wheeze, indication of asthma, symptom severity, and current diagnosed asthma) on nicotine dependence and smoking cessation attempts.
RESULTS: Both adolescents who had an indication of asthma as well as adolescents with higher symptom severity developed higher levels of nicotine dependence over time and made a greater number of unsuccessful smoking cessation attempts in the past 12 months compared to those without asthma or less severe symptoms. Nicotine dependence partly mediated the effects of asthma symptoms on unsuccessful cessation attempts. Current wheezing and current diagnosed asthma did not predict nicotine dependence or unsuccessful quit attempts.
CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine dependence develops more quickly in youth with symptoms of asthma, and this partly explains the increased number of unsuccessful cessation attempts of adolescents with asthma. Smoking prevention and smoking cessation programmes are encouraged to provide additional support for youth with asthma, focusing on both the physiological and psychological aspects of dependence.

J Asthma. 2013 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print]