哮喘联盟

摘要
   背景：哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）在诊断和治疗上存在较大差异，因此易感人群常受其困扰。
   目的：在土著和非土著成人中评价哮喘和COPD患病率的差异。
   方法：在MEDLINE、Embase及其他专门的数据库和灰色文献中收集2011年10月之前的流行病学研究，这些研究比较了土著成人和非土著成人的哮喘和COPD患病率。采用随机效应荟萃分析法计算患病率OR（POR）和95%可信区间。
   结果：在132项研究中，8项研究包含相关数据。土著人群包括美国土著人、加拿大土著人、澳大利亚土著人和新西兰毛利人。总体来说，土著人更容易出现哮喘（POR,1.41; 95% CI 1.23 -1.60），特别是加拿大土著人（POR 1.80, 95% CI 1.68-1.93），土著美国人（POR 1.41,95% CI 1.13 - 1.76 ）和毛利人（POR 1.64, 95% CI 1.40 - 1.91）。澳大利亚土著人出现哮喘的可能性较小（POR 0.49, 95% CI 0.28 - 0.86）。土著人及相应的非土著人之间，性别不会影响哮喘的患病率。一项研究比较了土著人和非土著人之间的COPD患病率。结果显示两组之间患病率相似（POR 1.08, 95% CI 0.81 - 1.44）。
   结论：在许多国家，土著人与非土著人之间的哮喘患病率存在差异。目前，比较土著人和非土著人COPD患病率的研究还较少。有必要进一步研究影响土著人呼吸道健康的相关因素。

（苏楠  审校）
Can Respir J. 2012 Nov;19(6):355-60.

 

Prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies.

Ospina MB, Voaklander DC, Stickland MK, King M, Senthilselvan A, Rowe BH.

Abstract
BACKGROUND:Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have considerable potential for inequities in diagnosis and treatment, thereby affecting vulnerable groups.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in asthma and COPD prevalence between adult Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations.
METHODS: MEDLINE, Embase, specialized databases and the grey literature up to October 2011 were searched to identify epidemiological studies comparing asthma and COPD prevalence between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal adult populations. Prevalence ORs (PORs) and 95% CIs were calculated in a random-effects meta-analysis.
RESULTS: Of 132 studies, eight contained relevant data. Aboriginal populations included Native Americans, Canadian Aboriginals, Australian Aboriginals and New Zealand Maori. Overall, Aboriginals were more likely to report having asthma than non-Aboriginals (POR 1.41 [95% CI 1.23 to 1.60]), particularly among Canadian Aboriginals (POR 1.80 [95% CI 1.68 to 1.93]), Native Americans (POR 1.41 [95% CI 1.13 to 1.76]) and Maori (POR 1.64 [95% CI 1.40 to 1.91]). Australian Aboriginals were less likely to report asthma (POR 0.49 [95% CI 0.28 to 0.86]). Sex differences in asthma prevalence between Aboriginals and their non-Aboriginal counterparts were not identified. One study compared COPD prevalence between Native and non-Native Americans, with similar rates in both groups (POR 1.08 [95% CI 0.81 to 1.44]).
CONCLUSIONS:Differences in asthma prevalence between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations exist in a variety of countries. Studies comparing COPD prevalence between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations are scarce. Further investigation is needed to identify and account for factors associated with respiratory health inequalities among Aboriginal peoples.

Can Respir J. 2012 Nov;19(6):355-60.