法国职员和体力劳动者的工作条件、工作不满意和吸烟行为
2010/01/07
目的：研究法国职员和体力劳动者的工作条件、工作不满意和吸烟行为的关系。
方法：使用法国健康监测的数据对人数为4825人的全国性的随机样本进行横断面的电话调查。调查的内容涉及工作条件，有关工作满意度、心理需要和精神负荷、物质需要、宽容度决定以及工作时间表的问卷。
结果：对自己不健康的工作条件有着强烈不满的体力工人和职员现在吸烟的更多，具有烟草依赖、可能酒精依赖以及感到压力的比例更高。经过社会-人口统计学混杂调整后，对工作条件及工作不满意的人群仍然与吸烟及烟草依赖相关联。
结论：对自己不健康的工作条件不满意的体力劳动者和职员吸烟更频繁严重、更容易烟草依赖、酒精依赖以及产生紧张应激。恶劣的工作条件可能对健康产生严重影响，因为它可以促进压力应激和不健康的行为方式，二者可能会共同升高疾病发病率和死亡率。
（张永明编译 刘国梁审校）
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 51(3):343-350, March 2009.
Working Conditions, Job Dissatisfaction and Smoking Behaviours Among French Clerks and Manual Workers.
Peretti-Watel, Patrick PhD; Constance, Jean PhD; Seror, Valerie PhD; Beck, Francois PhD
From INSERM, U912 (SE4S) and Universite Aix Marseille, IRD, UMR-S912 (Dr Peretti-Watel, Dr Constance, Dr Seror), Marseilles, France; ORS PACA, Observatoire Regional de la Sante Provence Alpes Cote d’Azur (Dr Peretti-Watel), Marseilles, France; and National Institute for Prevention and Health Education (Dr Beck) (INPES), France.
Objective: To study the relationships between working conditions, job dissatisfaction and smoking behaviors among clerks and manual workers.
Methods: We used data from the French Health Barometer, a cross-sectional telephone survey conducted among a national random sample (N = 4825). Regarding working conditions, the questionnaire dealt with reported job satisfaction, psychological demands and mental workload, physical demands, latitude decision and work schedule.
Results: Manual workers and clerks who reported strong dissatisfaction toward unhealthy working conditions also reported more frequently current smoking, tobacco dependence, potential alcohol dependence and perceived stress. After adjusting for socio-demographic confounders, perceived working conditions and job dissatisfaction remained correlated with smoking and tobacco dependence.
Conclusions: Poor working conditions may heavily contribute to health inequalities, as they are likely to fuel both stress and unhealthy behaviors, which combine to increase morbidity and mortality.
Accession Number 00043764-200903000-00008.
DOI Number 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31819464fe
方法：使用法国健康监测的数据对人数为4825人的全国性的随机样本进行横断面的电话调查。调查的内容涉及工作条件，有关工作满意度、心理需要和精神负荷、物质需要、宽容度决定以及工作时间表的问卷。
结果：对自己不健康的工作条件有着强烈不满的体力工人和职员现在吸烟的更多，具有烟草依赖、可能酒精依赖以及感到压力的比例更高。经过社会-人口统计学混杂调整后，对工作条件及工作不满意的人群仍然与吸烟及烟草依赖相关联。
结论：对自己不健康的工作条件不满意的体力劳动者和职员吸烟更频繁严重、更容易烟草依赖、酒精依赖以及产生紧张应激。恶劣的工作条件可能对健康产生严重影响，因为它可以促进压力应激和不健康的行为方式，二者可能会共同升高疾病发病率和死亡率。
（张永明编译 刘国梁审校）
Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 51(3):343-350, March 2009.
Working Conditions, Job Dissatisfaction and Smoking Behaviours Among French Clerks and Manual Workers.
Peretti-Watel, Patrick PhD; Constance, Jean PhD; Seror, Valerie PhD; Beck, Francois PhD
From INSERM, U912 (SE4S) and Universite Aix Marseille, IRD, UMR-S912 (Dr Peretti-Watel, Dr Constance, Dr Seror), Marseilles, France; ORS PACA, Observatoire Regional de la Sante Provence Alpes Cote d’Azur (Dr Peretti-Watel), Marseilles, France; and National Institute for Prevention and Health Education (Dr Beck) (INPES), France.
Objective: To study the relationships between working conditions, job dissatisfaction and smoking behaviors among clerks and manual workers.
Methods: We used data from the French Health Barometer, a cross-sectional telephone survey conducted among a national random sample (N = 4825). Regarding working conditions, the questionnaire dealt with reported job satisfaction, psychological demands and mental workload, physical demands, latitude decision and work schedule.
Results: Manual workers and clerks who reported strong dissatisfaction toward unhealthy working conditions also reported more frequently current smoking, tobacco dependence, potential alcohol dependence and perceived stress. After adjusting for socio-demographic confounders, perceived working conditions and job dissatisfaction remained correlated with smoking and tobacco dependence.
Conclusions: Poor working conditions may heavily contribute to health inequalities, as they are likely to fuel both stress and unhealthy behaviors, which combine to increase morbidity and mortality.
Accession Number 00043764-200903000-00008.
DOI Number 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31819464fe
上一篇：
全科医疗机构中的不同简单戒烟干预措施的戒烟效果预测因素和调节因素
下一篇：
不同社会经济水平人群中不同类型反吸烟广告对减少戒烟差异的影响
