激素吸入治疗在哮喘患者和COPD患者血管性气道重构中的作用
2012/12/24
摘要
慢性阻塞性气道疾病(如哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病[COPD])中,炎症刺激导致支气管微血管结构发生变化。血管变化与气道壁重构显著相关。哮喘患者气道常出现血管新生和血管渗漏,而COPD患者常出现血管扩张和血管渗漏。哮喘和COPD患者均出现内皮功能异常。血管变化与气道壁增厚和支气管腔狭窄同时出现。因此,药物控制支气管血管重构可能有助于控制哮喘和COPD患者的症状。对于哮喘患者,吸入激素通过作用于促血管新生因子,抑制血管重构。此外,有关长效β2受体激动剂联合激素吸入治疗的研究,也为两者协同抑制哮喘患者血管重构的作用提供了证据。对于COPD患者,有关吸入激素治疗对气道微血管结构变化的影响证据较少。重要的是,血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)(血管内皮最为特异的生长因子)参与哮喘和COPD患者气道血管重构的病理生理。抑制VEGF及其受体有助于治疗气道壁的血管改变。
(林江涛 审校)
Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012:397693. doi: 10.1155/2012/397693. Epub 2012 Oct 11.
Role of Inhaled Steroids in Vascular Airway Remodelling in Asthma and COPD.
Chetta A, Olivieri D.
Source
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Padiglione Rasori, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Viale Rasori 10, 43125 Parma, Italy.
Abstract
In chronic obstructive airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), changes in bronchial microvasculature are present in response to inflammatory stimuli. Vascular changes may significantly contribute to airway wall remodelling. Angiogenesis and vascular leakage are prevalent in asthma, while vasodilation and vascular leakage dominate in COPD. An endothelial dysfunction may be present both in asthma and in COPD. Vascular changes may occur simultaneously with the thickening of the airway wall and the narrowing of the bronchial lumen. Consequently, pharmacological control of bronchial vascular remodelling may be crucial for symptom control in asthma and COPD. In asthmatic airways, inhaled steroids can downregulate vascular remodelling by acting on proangiogenic factors. Additionally, studies on combination therapy with long-acting β2-agonists and inhaled steroids have provided evidence of a possible synergistic action on components of vascular remodelling in asthma. In COPD, there is less experimental evidence on the effect of inhaled steroids on airway microvascular changes. Importantly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the most specific growth factor for vascular endothelium, is crucially involved in the pathophysiology of airway vascular remodelling, both in asthma and COPD. The inhibition of VEGF and its receptor may be useful in the treatment of the vascular changes in the airway wall.
Int J Endocrinol. 2012;2012:397693. doi: 10.1155/2012/397693. Epub 2012 Oct 11.
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布地奈德/福莫特罗联合吸入固定剂量治疗由中等剂量递减至低剂量后,哮喘控制仍能维持
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mRNA与哮喘:潜在的治疗靶点