旁遮普语和华语哮喘患者哮喘自我管理宣教干预的有效性:随机对照试验
2012/08/28
摘要
背景:少数民族患者的哮喘控制趋势较差。对于加拿大新移民,移民时间越长,其哮喘发病率增加更高,这可能与这些人群英语熟悉程度低,难于理解有关疾病、健康素养、文化话题、家庭环境等相关信息、缺少适当的护理服务有关。
目的:本试验在讲旁遮普语、普通话和广东话的社区中研究不同文化相关信息形式对哮喘患者自我管理的影响。
方法:采用参与法,开发并检测了哮喘知识和社区教育视频(具有相似的信息,但采用不同的方式,如:学术化的方式和口语化的方式)和附图小册子在哮喘自我管理宣教中的有效性。共有92例经医生诊断为哮喘的成人患者(47例讲华语的患者和45例讲旁遮普语的患者)随机分为3个试验组(观看一个或两个视频)和一个对比组(阅读附图小册子),并在9个月内参与3次个人访谈和1次电话访谈。患者通过视频和小册子接受哮喘自我管理宣教,对哮喘触发因素的认识和哮喘症状在内的疾病转归、吸入器使用技能和患者主诉的用药依从性进行评价。
结果:所有参与者在干预措施实施3个月后,哮喘症状的知识、吸入器的使用技能和对医生指导的了解显著得到改善。
结论:与基础状态相比,参与者在随访期内的哮喘自我管理更好,同时观看社区和哮喘知识视频的患者改善最好。结果显示,短小精干且文化和语言合适的干预措施能促进对哮喘知识的获取,改善短期内吸入器的使用。提供贴近患者生活经历和社会文化背景的真实听力资料能克服传统宣教方法的缺陷。
(林江涛 审校)
J Asthma. 2012 Jun;49(5):542-51.
Effectiveness of educational interventions on asthma self-management in punjabi and chinese asthma patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Poureslami I, Nimmon L, Doyle-Waters M, Rootman I, Schulzer M, Kuramoto L, Fitzgerald JM.
Source
Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Heart and Lung Health, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Asthma tends to be less well controlled among ethnic minority groups, and its prevalence in new immigrants increases significantly the longer they are in Canada; mainly due to their lack of familiarity with English and difficulty understanding information regarding the disease, health literacy, cultural issues, housing conditions, and lack of access to appropriate care services.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effectiveness of different formats of culturally relevant information and its impact on asthma patients’ self-management within the Punjabi, Mandarin, and Cantonese communities.
METHODS:Using a participatory approach, we developed and tested knowledge and community educational videos (with similar information, but used a different approach, i.e., scientific vs. colloquial) and a pictorial pamphlet. A total of 92 physician-diagnosed adult asthma patients (47 Chinese and 45 Punjabi) were assigned at random to three experimental groups (watched one or both videos) and one comparison group (read pictorial pamphlet) and participated in three in-person interviews and one telephone interview within a 9-month period. Patients received education on asthma self-management via videos and pamphlet and outcomes, including their knowledge of asthma triggers (environmental-related and behavioral-related triggers) and symptoms; inhaler use skills and patient-reported medication adherence were measured.
RESULTS:Knowledge of asthma symptoms, inhaler use, and understanding of physician’s instructions improved significantly from pretest to 3 months post-intervention follow-up among all participants.
CONCLUSIONS:Participants performed significantly better at follow-up than they did at baseline assessment, with the most notable improvements observed in the group that watched both community and knowledge videos. The results suggest that short, simple, culturally, and linguistically appropriate interventions can promote knowledge gain about asthma and improve inhaler use that can be sustained over the short term. Such interventions that provide authentic learning materials that draw on patients’ life experiences and sociocultural context can overcome certain limitations of conventional patient education approaches.
J Asthma. 2012 Jun;49(5):542-51.
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城市青少年哮喘患者应用补充和替代医学以及社会心理转归
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哮喘患者运动相关生命质量:系统性综述