伏立康唑和泊沙康唑能改善过敏性支气管肺曲菌病和真菌致敏的严重哮喘患者的哮喘严重程度
2012/05/08
原理和目的:真菌致敏的严重哮喘(SAFS)和过敏性支气管肺曲菌病(ABPA)均为进展性、过敏性、真菌性肺疾病,尚缺乏有效的治疗方法。当前采用伊曲康唑的治疗,仍然有40%的患者无效,而且存在副作用(AE)。我们对伏立康唑和泊沙康唑作为二线和三线治疗,在治疗SAFS和ABPA中的疗效进行评价。
方法:对采用伏立康唑或泊沙康唑治疗的ABPA或SAFS成人哮喘患者进行回顾性评价。通过临床、放射学和免疫学指标,来评估治疗反应。
结果:有20名ABPA患者和5名SAFS患者入选本研究,其中10名男性,中位年龄为58岁。14例患者发生伊曲康唑治疗无效,11例患者出现副作用。共计对33个疗程进行分析,24个采用伏立康唑治疗,9个采用泊沙康唑治疗。24个伏立康唑治疗疗程中,分别有17、15和12次在治疗3个月、6个月和12个月时显示有效,而在9个泊沙康唑治疗疗程中,在3、6和12个月有7次有效。24名患者中,18名患者终止口服激素(OCS)治疗,其中12名在治疗3个月内终止OCS。24名哮喘患者中,9名患者的哮喘严重程度从重度降至中度(n = 8)和从中度降至轻度(n = 1)。OCS和短效β2受体激动剂的使用量显著下降、哮喘导致的卫生护理的利用也下降,总体健康状态得到改善。此外,在治疗后9个月,免疫学标志物总烟曲霉IgE显著下降(p = 0.008),治疗12个月后放射性变应原吸附试验显示的IgE显著下降(p = 0.0056)。23名伏立康唑治疗患者中有6名在6个月内出现副作用,需要中断治疗,而泊沙康唑治疗者未出现副作用(p = 0.15)。4名(57%)患者复发,1例发生在停药3个月时,3名发生在停药12个月时。
结论:伏立康唑和泊沙康唑是有效治疗SAFS和ABPA的选择,能改善哮喘的控制,降低哮喘严重程度,但需要大样本的前瞻性研究来证实本项回顾性研究的结果。
(陈欣 审校)
J Asthma. 2012 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
Voriconazole and Posaconazole Improve Asthma Severity in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis and Severe Asthma with Fungal Sensitization.
Chishimba L, Niven RM, Cooley J, Denning DW.
Source
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester , Manchester , UK.
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Severe asthma with fungal sensitization (SAFS) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) are progressive allergic fungal lung diseases whose effective treatment remains to be established. Current treatment with itraconazole is associated with a 40% failure rate and adverse events (AEs). We assessed the effect of voriconazole or posaconazole as second- and third-line therapies.
METHODS:We conducted a retrospective review of adult asthmatic patients with either ABPA or SAFS receiving voriconazole or posaconazole. Clinical, radiological, and immunological evaluation was used to assess response.
RESULTS:There were 25 patients, ABPA (n = 20) or SAFS (n = 5), 10 males, median age = 58 years. All patients had failed itraconazole (n = 14) or developed AEs (n = 11). There were 33 courses of therapy analyzed, 24 with voriconazole and 9 with posaconazole. Clinical response to voriconazole was observed in 17/24 (70%) patients at 3 months, 15/20 (75%) at 6 months, and 12/16 (75%) at 12 months compared with 7/9 (78%) at 3, 6, and 12 months for posaconazole. Eighteen of 24 (75%) patients discontinued oral corticosteroids (OCS), 12 of them within 3 months of therapy. Asthma severity was downgraded from severe to moderate (n = 8) and moderate to mild (n = 1) asthma in 9 of 24 (38%) asthmatic patients. There was a marked reduction in OCS and short-acting beta-2 agonist use, health-care utilization due to asthma, and improvement in overall health status. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant reduction in immunological markers appearing at 9 months (p = .008) for total IgE and at 12 months for radioallergosorbent test IgE for Aspergillus fumigatus (p = .0056). Six of 23 (26%) patients on voriconazole had AEs requiring discontinuation before 6 months compared with none on posaconazole (p = .15). Four relapsed (57%), one at 3 months and three at 12 months after discontinuation.
CONCLUSION:Both voriconazole and posaconazole are potentially effective alternative treatment options for SAFS and ABPA and may improve asthma control and reduce severity, though larger prospective studies are required to support these retrospective study findings.
J Asthma. 2012 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]
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奥玛珠单抗辅助治疗的严重过敏性哮喘患者的哮喘相关生活质量:来自巴西的研究(QUALITX)
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哮喘延迟诊断对胸片和临床抗生素使用的影响