韩国儿童中过敏症和过敏性疾病患病率：农村环境和农村生活方式
2012/02/29
背景：近期的研究显示，农村环境的一些因素对过敏性疾病的发展具有防护作用，但潜在机制尚不清楚。本试验旨在研究过敏性疾病的患病率及该患病率是否受到从农村移居到城市的影响，同时鉴别与这些疾病相关的环境危险因素。
方法：本试验为横断面研究。入选韩国农村、乡镇和城市年龄9～12岁的儿童。通过详细的问卷调查和皮肤针刺试验，收集人口统计学信息和疾病相关信息。
结果：农村、城镇和城市儿童之间，在生活方式和环境因素上存在着显著差异。过敏性疾病和特应性的患病率在城市儿童较高。较低的过敏性疾病和特应性患病率与父母务农、妊娠期与农村动物接触、家庭饲养宠物、稳定的母乳喂养和有姐姐或兄长相关。农村和城镇儿童比较显示，过敏性疾病和特应性与父母务农、妊娠期与农场动物接触和稳定的母乳喂养无关。另一方面，有姐姐或兄长及幼年抗生素使用与这些儿童的过敏性疾病和特应性相关。
结论：与农场环境和/或农村生活相关的保护因素能影响韩国儿童过敏性疾病和特应性的患病率。
方法：本试验为横断面研究。入选韩国农村、乡镇和城市年龄9～12岁的儿童。通过详细的问卷调查和皮肤针刺试验，收集人口统计学信息和疾病相关信息。
结果：农村、城镇和城市儿童之间，在生活方式和环境因素上存在着显著差异。过敏性疾病和特应性的患病率在城市儿童较高。较低的过敏性疾病和特应性患病率与父母务农、妊娠期与农村动物接触、家庭饲养宠物、稳定的母乳喂养和有姐姐或兄长相关。农村和城镇儿童比较显示，过敏性疾病和特应性与父母务农、妊娠期与农场动物接触和稳定的母乳喂养无关。另一方面，有姐姐或兄长及幼年抗生素使用与这些儿童的过敏性疾病和特应性相关。
结论：与农场环境和/或农村生活相关的保护因素能影响韩国儿童过敏性疾病和特应性的患病率。
（刘国梁 审校）
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012 Jan 25;158(2):168-174. [Epub ahead of print]
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012 Jan 25;158(2):168-174. [Epub ahead of print]
Source
Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, School of Public Health, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The results of recent studies suggest that factors in rural environments may protect against the development of allergic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases, to establish if this prevalence is influenced by migration from rural to urban areas and to identify environmental risk factors associated with these diseases.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study of children aged 9-12 years from a rural village, a rural town and an urban city in Korea was conducted. Demographic and disease-related information was obtained via a detailed questionnaire, and skin prick tests were performed.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in lifestyle and environmental factors between children from the rural village, the rural town and the urban children. The prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was higher in urban children. A lower prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was associated with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy, owning pets or a stable, breast-feeding and having older siblings. A comparison of rural village and rural town children revealed no evidence of an association of allergic diseases and atopy with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy or owning a stable. On the other hand, having older siblings and antibiotic use during infancy were significantly associated with allergic diseases and atopy in these children.
CONCLUSIONS: Protective factors associated with a farming environment and/or rural lifestyle may influence the prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy in Korean children.
BACKGROUND: The results of recent studies suggest that factors in rural environments may protect against the development of allergic diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of allergic diseases, to establish if this prevalence is influenced by migration from rural to urban areas and to identify environmental risk factors associated with these diseases.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study of children aged 9-12 years from a rural village, a rural town and an urban city in Korea was conducted. Demographic and disease-related information was obtained via a detailed questionnaire, and skin prick tests were performed.
RESULTS: There were significant differences in lifestyle and environmental factors between children from the rural village, the rural town and the urban children. The prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was higher in urban children. A lower prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy was associated with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy, owning pets or a stable, breast-feeding and having older siblings. A comparison of rural village and rural town children revealed no evidence of an association of allergic diseases and atopy with farming parents, contact with farm animals during pregnancy or owning a stable. On the other hand, having older siblings and antibiotic use during infancy were significantly associated with allergic diseases and atopy in these children.
CONCLUSIONS: Protective factors associated with a farming environment and/or rural lifestyle may influence the prevalence of allergic diseases and atopy in Korean children.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012 Jan 25;158(2):168-174. [Epub ahead of print]
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