研究哮喘的遗传和基因组方法:对哮喘起源的新观点
2011/12/26
摘要
综述的目的:本综述对哮喘全基因组关联研究(GWASs)中寻找到的基因及其相关特点的了解进行更新。同时讨论怎样在今后的研究中对这些新基因的作用进行仔细分析。
近期发现:过去3年中,有10项以上、旨在研究哮喘及其特征相关基因的GWAS已经发表。其中,最大一项GABRIEL合作研究发现,IL18R1、IL33、SMAD3、ORMDL3、HLA-DQ和IL2RB位点与哮喘显著相关。许多新的哮喘基因,包括以前通过定位克隆找到的基因,发现在呼吸道上皮有表达,说明上皮屏障在哮喘致病中的作用。控制IgE水平的基因与那些介导哮喘易感性的基因存在较少的重叠,表明过敏症是继发于哮喘,而不是导致哮喘的一个驱动因素。哮喘研究的下一个挑战将是对这些基因在哮喘致病中的准确作用进行系统分析。
总结:GWAS研究找到了一些与哮喘相关的基因,对这些基因在哮喘发病中作用的详细分析将有助于开发出哮喘新的治疗方法。
(陈欣 审校)
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2011 Nov 23. [Epub ahead of print]
Genetic and genomic approaches to asthma: new insights for the origins.
Zhang Y, Moffatt MF, Cookson WO.
Source
Molecular Genetics Group, Division of Respiratory Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The aim is to update current understanding of the genes identified by the recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of asthma and its associated traits. The review also discusses how to dissect the functional roles of novel genes in future research.
RECENT FINDINGS: More than 10 GWAS aimed at identifying the genes underlying asthma and relevant traits have been published in the past 3 years. The largest of these was from the GABRIEL consortium, which discovered that the IL18R1, IL33, SMAD3, ORMDL3, HLA-DQ and IL2RB loci were all significantly associated with asthma. Many novel asthma genes, including those previously identified by positional cloning, are expressed within the respiratory epithelium, emphasizing the importance of epithelial barriers in causing asthma . The genes controlling IgE levels have surprisingly little overlap with the genes mediating asthma susceptibility, suggesting that atopy is secondary to asthma rather than a primary driver of the disease. The next challenge will be the systematic analysis of the precise functions of these genes in the pathogenesis of asthma.
SUMMARY: GWAS have uncovered many novel genes underlying asthma and detailed functional dissection of their roles in asthma will point the way to new therapies for the disease
Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2011 Nov 23. [Epub ahead of print]
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哮喘小鼠的气道平滑肌肥厚与气道反应性增加相关
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微生物与哮喘:未意识到的细胞和分子联系