哮喘、过敏症和呼吸道感染:维生素D理论
2011/11/22
摘要
近期的研究显示,人体各种组织中均有维生素D受体,维生素D的多效作用使得对其的关注度增加。维生素缺乏比较常见,而且存在着上升的趋势。有关何种血清维生素D水平是人体健康所必须的、维生素D缺乏确切的界值以及需要采用何种剂量的维生素D进行补充等,目前均未达成一致的意见。有研究显示,维生素D似乎与宿主的呼吸道感染反应关系密切。流行病学研究显示,低水平的25羟维生素D与儿童较高的上、下呼吸道感染风险增加有关,维生素D缺乏是导致哮喘患者症状和死亡的原因。一些研究强调了儿童期哮喘、胎儿肺和/或免疫发育与母亲维生素D摄入之间的关系。维生素D的缺乏,也似乎参与了儿童期过敏症和食物过敏的发作。我们认为,维生素D在这些病理情况中起到了重要的作用,利用维生素D的治疗方法可能成为新的预防和/或治疗性策略。本文回顾和讨论了已有的有关维生素D与哮喘及过敏症相关的数据,并强调指出,需要开展维生素D补充的对照、前瞻性研究,以便阐明维生素D在预防和治疗哮喘和过敏性疾病中的作用。
(苏楠 审校)
Allergy. 2011 Sep 21. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02711.x. [Epub ahead of print]
Asthma, allergy and respiratory infections: the vitamin D hypothesis.
Bozzetto S, Carraro S, Giordano G, Boner A, Baraldi E.
Source
Allergy Unit and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Padova Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Verona, Italy.
Abstract
The recent discovery that every tissue in the human body has vitamin D receptors and that vitamin D has pleiotropic effects has prompted an increased interest in this hormone. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread and on the increase. There is no consensus on the serum vitamin D levels to consider appropriate for global health, the cutoffs for its deficiency, or the doses to use for its supplementation. Vitamin D seems to correlate closely with host reactions against various respiratory infections. Epidemiological studies have shown that low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are associated with a higher risk of upper and lower respiratory infections in children and a shortage of vitamin D may contribute to asthmatic patients’ symptoms and morbidity rates. There are studies highlighting associations between childhood asthma, fetal lung and/or immune development, and maternal vitamin D intake. An insufficiency of this vitamin also seems to be implicated in the onset of childhood atopy and food allergies. The hypothesis is that vitamin D could have a central role in these pathological situations and that it may represent a novel preventive and/or therapeutic strategy. This article reviews and discusses published data on the relationship between vitamin D and asthma and allergy, emphasizing the need for controlled, prospective studies on vitamin D supplementation to clarify whether it has a role in the prevention of and treatment for asthma and allergic conditions.
Allergy. 2011 Sep 21. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02711.x. [Epub ahead of print]
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重度哮喘患者免疫反应性胸腺基质淋巴细胞生成素表达增加
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内源性和外源性气道酸化儿童呼吸气冷凝液中的钙和镁