TRPV1作为咳嗽感受器及其温度敏感性
2011/03/28
摘要
TRPV1为一种非选择性的阳离子通道和多模式传导子。在呼吸道，TRPV1主要在无髓感觉神经中表达。TRPV1在启动咳嗽反射中起到了重要作用。对于健康受试者和存在炎症性气道疾病的患者，雾化吸入辣椒素（TRPV1选择性激动剂）均能明显诱发咳嗽，该作用存在剂量依赖性。已知一些内源性炎症介质能上调TRPV1的敏感性，这些介质包括：前列腺素E2和缓激肽。这些介质也能增加咳嗽的敏感性。此外，在慢性咳嗽患者，支气管组织中TRPV1免疫反应阳性神经显著增加。除了咳嗽反射，气道内表达TRPV1的感觉神经元的活化，能诱导反射性支气管收缩和粘液分泌，这些变化与胆碱能通路相关。TRPV1受体的生理性刺激之一是温度增加。 近期研究显示，在正常生理范围内，增加温度能显著增加基线状态下分离的大鼠肺迷走感觉神经元活性和敏感性，温度增加导致的致敏作用可能与选择性活化TRPV1通道有关。TRPV1的温度敏感性特点在调节表达有TRPV1的气道感觉神经的生理功能，以及这些神经反射敏感性（如咳嗽和反射性支气管收缩）中起到重要作用。
（林江涛 审校）
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
TRPV1 as a cough sensor and its temperature-sensitive properties.
Lee LY, Ni D, Hayes D Jr, Lin RL.
Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Abstract
In the respiratory tract, TRPV1, a non-selective cation channel and a polymodal transducer, is expressed primarily in non-myelinated sensory nerves. A significant role of TRPV1 in eliciting the cough reflex has been extensively documented. Inhalation of capsaicin aerosol, a selective agonist of TRPV1, consistently and reproducibly evoked coughs in a dose-dependent manner in both healthy humans and in patients with airway inflammatory diseases. A number of endogenous inflammatory mediators known to upregulate the TRPV1 sensitivity, such as prostaglandin E(2) and bradykinin, also enhanced the cough sensitivity. Furthermore, a substantial increase of TRPV1-immunoreactive nerve profiles was found in the bronchial tissue of patients with chronic cough. In addition to the cough reflex, activation of TRPV1-expressing sensory nerves in the airways is also known to elicit reflex bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion mediated through cholinergic pathways. One of the physiological stimuli known to activate TRPV1 receptor directly is high temperature. Recent studies have demonstrated that increasing temperature within the normal physiological range significantly elevated the baseline activity and sensitivity of isolated rat vagal pulmonary sensory neurons, and the sensitizing effect of hyperthermia appeared to be mediated selectively through the TRPV1 channel. This temperature-sensitive property of TRPV1 may play an important role in regulating the physiological function of the TRPV1-expressing airway sensory nerves and the sensitivity of their reflex responses, such as cough and reflex bronchoconstriction
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
TRPV1为一种非选择性的阳离子通道和多模式传导子。在呼吸道，TRPV1主要在无髓感觉神经中表达。TRPV1在启动咳嗽反射中起到了重要作用。对于健康受试者和存在炎症性气道疾病的患者，雾化吸入辣椒素（TRPV1选择性激动剂）均能明显诱发咳嗽，该作用存在剂量依赖性。已知一些内源性炎症介质能上调TRPV1的敏感性，这些介质包括：前列腺素E2和缓激肽。这些介质也能增加咳嗽的敏感性。此外，在慢性咳嗽患者，支气管组织中TRPV1免疫反应阳性神经显著增加。除了咳嗽反射，气道内表达TRPV1的感觉神经元的活化，能诱导反射性支气管收缩和粘液分泌，这些变化与胆碱能通路相关。TRPV1受体的生理性刺激之一是温度增加。 近期研究显示，在正常生理范围内，增加温度能显著增加基线状态下分离的大鼠肺迷走感觉神经元活性和敏感性，温度增加导致的致敏作用可能与选择性活化TRPV1通道有关。TRPV1的温度敏感性特点在调节表达有TRPV1的气道感觉神经的生理功能，以及这些神经反射敏感性（如咳嗽和反射性支气管收缩）中起到重要作用。
（林江涛 审校）
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
TRPV1 as a cough sensor and its temperature-sensitive properties.
Lee LY, Ni D, Hayes D Jr, Lin RL.
Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
Abstract
In the respiratory tract, TRPV1, a non-selective cation channel and a polymodal transducer, is expressed primarily in non-myelinated sensory nerves. A significant role of TRPV1 in eliciting the cough reflex has been extensively documented. Inhalation of capsaicin aerosol, a selective agonist of TRPV1, consistently and reproducibly evoked coughs in a dose-dependent manner in both healthy humans and in patients with airway inflammatory diseases. A number of endogenous inflammatory mediators known to upregulate the TRPV1 sensitivity, such as prostaglandin E(2) and bradykinin, also enhanced the cough sensitivity. Furthermore, a substantial increase of TRPV1-immunoreactive nerve profiles was found in the bronchial tissue of patients with chronic cough. In addition to the cough reflex, activation of TRPV1-expressing sensory nerves in the airways is also known to elicit reflex bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion mediated through cholinergic pathways. One of the physiological stimuli known to activate TRPV1 receptor directly is high temperature. Recent studies have demonstrated that increasing temperature within the normal physiological range significantly elevated the baseline activity and sensitivity of isolated rat vagal pulmonary sensory neurons, and the sensitizing effect of hyperthermia appeared to be mediated selectively through the TRPV1 channel. This temperature-sensitive property of TRPV1 may play an important role in regulating the physiological function of the TRPV1-expressing airway sensory nerves and the sensitivity of their reflex responses, such as cough and reflex bronchoconstriction
Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2011 Jan 5. [Epub ahead of print]
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在咳嗽儿童中，百日咳和病毒同时感染呼吸道较为罕见
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对咳嗽抑制剂福尔可定的IgE致敏及其在挪威市场撤药后的结果
