在秘鲁利马城郊棚户区研究与繁忙街道的距离对哮喘和过敏症的影响
2011/03/28
摘要
背景：在发达国家，居住在邻近道路的住宅能增加哮喘发生的风险，然而，在发展中国家，由于城市的快速、失控的发展常常导致城市扩张和交通繁忙，尚未有研究证实居住地与道路间距离和哮喘发生的关系。
目的：在秘鲁城郊的棚户区研究居住地与交通繁忙街道间距离对哮喘症状和呼吸道预后定量检测指标的影响。
方法：本研究入选725名年龄为13～15岁的青少年，调查这些受试者的哮喘症状，检测肺活量和皮肤点刺试验的反应性以及呼出气一氧化氮含量(eNO)。我们测量了所有家庭与主要街道之间的距离，以及100个家庭的室内可吸入颗粒物。采用多变量回归模型，分析哮喘症状、过敏症风险、eNO水平和FEV1/FVC与距离之间的关系。
结果：与384米的距离相比，居住在街道100米内的当前哮喘症状优势比增加了2(P <0.05)，与街道之间的距离，每100米的距离差，过敏症的优势比增加1.07(P=0.03)。此外，对于女性受试者，支气管扩张剂使用前的FEV1/FVC与家庭居住距离之间呈负相关(P = .01)，但男性未见该相关性。ENO或室内可吸入颗粒物与家庭居住距离之间也未有相关性。
结论：秘鲁城郊社区，居住地与交通繁忙街道较近和哮喘症状及过敏症风险增加相关。发展中国家城郊区域的移动源污染的控制，有助于减轻哮喘症状和过敏症的负担。
（刘国梁 审校）
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma and atopy in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru.
Baumann LM, Robinson CL, Combe JM, Gomez A, Romero K, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Hansel NN, Wise RA, Breysse PN, Barnes K, Hernandez JE, Checkley W.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; A.B. PRISMA, Lima, Peru.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Proximity to roadways increases the risk of asthma in developed countries; however, relatively little is known about this relationship in developing countries, where rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities has resulted in urban sprawl and heavy traffic volumes.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the effect of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma symptoms and quantitative respiratory outcome measures in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru.
METHODS: We enrolled 725 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years who were administered a survey on asthma symptoms and measured spirometry, response to allergy skin testing, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). We calculated distances from the main avenue for all households and measured indoor particulate matter in 100 households. We used multivariable regression to model the risk of asthma symptoms, risk of atopy, eNO levels, and FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio as a function of distance.
RESULTS: Compared against 384 meters, the odds of current asthma symptoms in households living within 100 meters increased by a factor of 2 (P < .05). The odds of atopy increased by a factor of 1.07 for every 100-meter difference in the distance from the avenue (P = .03). We found an inverse relationship in prebronchodilator FEV(1)/forced vital capacity and distance to the avenue in female subjects (P = .01) but not in male subjects. We did not find an association between eNO or household particulate matter levels and distance.
CONCLUSION: Living in close proximity to a high-traffic-density avenue in a periurban community in Peru was associated with a greater risk of asthma symptoms and atopy. Regulation of mobile-source pollutants in periurban areas of developing countries might help reduce the burden of asthma symptoms and atopy.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
背景：在发达国家，居住在邻近道路的住宅能增加哮喘发生的风险，然而，在发展中国家，由于城市的快速、失控的发展常常导致城市扩张和交通繁忙，尚未有研究证实居住地与道路间距离和哮喘发生的关系。
目的：在秘鲁城郊的棚户区研究居住地与交通繁忙街道间距离对哮喘症状和呼吸道预后定量检测指标的影响。
方法：本研究入选725名年龄为13～15岁的青少年，调查这些受试者的哮喘症状，检测肺活量和皮肤点刺试验的反应性以及呼出气一氧化氮含量(eNO)。我们测量了所有家庭与主要街道之间的距离，以及100个家庭的室内可吸入颗粒物。采用多变量回归模型，分析哮喘症状、过敏症风险、eNO水平和FEV1/FVC与距离之间的关系。
结果：与384米的距离相比，居住在街道100米内的当前哮喘症状优势比增加了2(P <0.05)，与街道之间的距离，每100米的距离差，过敏症的优势比增加1.07(P=0.03)。此外，对于女性受试者，支气管扩张剂使用前的FEV1/FVC与家庭居住距离之间呈负相关(P = .01)，但男性未见该相关性。ENO或室内可吸入颗粒物与家庭居住距离之间也未有相关性。
结论：秘鲁城郊社区，居住地与交通繁忙街道较近和哮喘症状及过敏症风险增加相关。发展中国家城郊区域的移动源污染的控制，有助于减轻哮喘症状和过敏症的负担。
（刘国梁 审校）
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
Effects of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma and atopy in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru.
Baumann LM, Robinson CL, Combe JM, Gomez A, Romero K, Gilman RH, Cabrera L, Hansel NN, Wise RA, Breysse PN, Barnes K, Hernandez JE, Checkley W.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; A.B. PRISMA, Lima, Peru.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Proximity to roadways increases the risk of asthma in developed countries; however, relatively little is known about this relationship in developing countries, where rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities has resulted in urban sprawl and heavy traffic volumes.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the effect of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma symptoms and quantitative respiratory outcome measures in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru.
METHODS: We enrolled 725 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years who were administered a survey on asthma symptoms and measured spirometry, response to allergy skin testing, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). We calculated distances from the main avenue for all households and measured indoor particulate matter in 100 households. We used multivariable regression to model the risk of asthma symptoms, risk of atopy, eNO levels, and FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio as a function of distance.
RESULTS: Compared against 384 meters, the odds of current asthma symptoms in households living within 100 meters increased by a factor of 2 (P < .05). The odds of atopy increased by a factor of 1.07 for every 100-meter difference in the distance from the avenue (P = .03). We found an inverse relationship in prebronchodilator FEV(1)/forced vital capacity and distance to the avenue in female subjects (P = .01) but not in male subjects. We did not find an association between eNO or household particulate matter levels and distance.
CONCLUSION: Living in close proximity to a high-traffic-density avenue in a periurban community in Peru was associated with a greater risk of asthma symptoms and atopy. Regulation of mobile-source pollutants in periurban areas of developing countries might help reduce the burden of asthma symptoms and atopy.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
上一篇：
戊糖素在哮喘患者年龄相关和疾病相关的肺功能损伤中的作用
下一篇：
哮喘患者支气管收缩导致的潮气性气道关闭：肺容积检测的作用
