接触沙漠粉尘导致哮喘患儿住院风险增加
2010/12/07
沙漠粉尘在全球各地广泛肆虐，沙尘中含有的石英在动物实验中可引起气道炎症反应。流行病学研究显示沙尘暴受累地区如中东、加勒比海等地哮喘患病率高于预期。
本文作者采用病例交叉对照方法研究了空气中矿尘浓度与哮喘患儿因哮喘急性发作住院次数之间的相关性。此研究在面朝日本海的日本富山地区进行，分析了该地区8所大型医院2005-2009年间1～15岁哮喘患儿因哮喘急性加重住院的次数。
本文作者采用病例交叉对照方法研究了空气中矿尘浓度与哮喘患儿因哮喘急性发作住院次数之间的相关性。此研究在面朝日本海的日本富山地区进行，分析了该地区8所大型医院2005-2009年间1～15岁哮喘患儿因哮喘急性加重住院的次数。
在研究期间因哮喘急性发作住院次数为620例次，严重沙尘天气共计6天（日均矿尘浓度>0.1mg/m2），回归分析显示因哮喘住院与严重沙尘天气相关，沙尘天气当日因哮喘住院的比值比为1.88（95%CI：1.04～3.41；p=0.037），前1周内沙尘天气与哮喘住院的比值比为1.83（95%CI：1.31～2.56；p=0.00043），校正其他空气污染物，花粉，气象因素影响后的比值比为1.71（95%CI：1.18～2.48；p=0.050），
（马艳良 北京大学人民医院呼吸科 100044 摘译）
（Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Jul 23.）
Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Jul 23. [Epub ahead of print]
Desert-dust Exposure is Associated with Increased Risk of Asthma Hospitalization
in Children.
Kanatani KT, Ito I, Al-Delaimy WK, Adachi Y, Mathews WC, Ramsdell JW; Toyama
Asian Desert Dust and Asthma Study Team.
RATIONALE: Desert dust particles, which include quartz that cause inflammatory
responses in the airway in animal studies, are transported to wide-spread regions
around the globe. Epidemiologically, areas impacted by desert-dust storms, such
as communities in the Middle East and the Caribbean, seem to have higher
incidences of asthma than might be expected. We investigated the magnitude of
association between airborne mineral-dust concentration and hospitalization of
children for asthma exacerbation by using Light Detection And Ranging (LIDAR)
with a polarization analyzer for an exposure measurement, which can distinguish
mineral-dust particles from other particles. METHODS: A case-crossover design was
used. The exposure measurement was LIDARâs non-spherical extinction-coefficient.
The outcome measurement was hospitalization of children ages 1-15 years for
asthma exacerbation in eight principal hospitals in Toyama, a local area in
Japan, facing to Japan Sea, during February to April, in 2005-2009. Findings:
During the study period, there were 620 admissions for asthma exacerbation, and 6
days with a heavy dust event (daily mineral-dust concentration above 0.1mg/m(3)).
Conditional logistic regression showed a statistically significant association
between asthma hospitalization and a heavy dust event. The crude odds ratio of
the heavy dust event for hospitalization on the day was 1.88 (95%CI: 1.04-3.41;
p=0.037), and the odds ratio of heavy dust event during the previous week was
1.83 (95%CI: 1.31-2.56; p=0.00043). The odds ratio adjusted by other air
pollutant levels, pollen, and meteorological factors was 1.71 (95%CI: 1.18-2.48;
p=0.0050). Interpretation: Heavy dust events are associated with an increased
risk of asthmatic hospitalizations.
PMID: 20656941 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
上一篇：
成年新患哮喘的危险因素：以群体为基础的国际队列研究
下一篇：
普通人群哮喘症状及诊断：来自SHIP数据库的纵向研究结果
