幼童时期交通废气暴露与夜间咳嗽：CCAAPS出生队列研究
2009/12/15
虽然研究发现空气污染与儿童呼吸道健康相关，但很少研究其与夜间咳嗽之间的相关性。本试验在儿童中研究人口统计学因素（如种族、性别、父母哮喘及母乳喂养）、健康（过敏原致敏和喘息症状）、家庭因素（狗、猫、霉菌、内毒素及尘螨）及其它环境暴露（交通废气、二手烟）与夜间干咳复发（RNC）之间的关系。
建立重复测量的结构方程模型，评价1岁、2岁及3岁时的RNC。RNC患病率在1岁、2岁及3岁时大体相似，分别为21.6%、17.3%和21.1%。交通废气暴露高的儿童，与交通废气暴露较少儿童相比，其患RNC的风险增加45％（校正后OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.94）。此外，喘息与RNC风险的相关性高于76％（校正后OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.26）。母乳喂养对RNC具有保护性作用，母乳喂养儿童的RNC风险下降27％（校正后OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.01）。其它因素未见与RNC风险具有显著相关性。
上述结果显示交通废气是导致年轻儿童夜间咳嗽的一个危险因素。
（刘国梁 审校）
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009 Oct 12.
Exposure to traffic exhaust and night cough during early childhood: the CCAAPS birth cohort.
Sucharew H, Ryan PH, Bernstein D, Succop P, Khurana Hershey GK, Lockey J, Villareal M, Reponen T, Grinshpun S, Lemasters G.
Though studies have investigated the association between air pollution and respiratory health outcomes in children, few have focused on night cough. The study objective was to simultaneously evaluate family factors (i.e., race, gender, maternal and paternal asthma, and breastfeeding), health (allergen sensitization and wheezing symptoms), home factors (dog, cat, mold, endotoxin, and dust mite), and other environmental exposures (traffic exhaust and second-hand tobacco smoke) for associations with recurrent dry night cough (RNC) during early childhood. A structural equation model with repeat measures was developed assessing RNC at ages one, two, and three. The prevalence of RNC was relatively large and similar at ages, one, two, and three at 21.6%, 17.3%, and 21.1%, respectively. Children exposed to the highest tertile of traffic exhaust had an estimated 45% increase in risk of RNC compared with children less exposed (adjusted OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.94). Also, wheezing was associated with a 76% higher risk of RNC (adjusted OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.26). A protective trend for breastfeeding was found with a 27% reduction in risk associated with breastfeeding (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.01). No other factors were significant. These results suggest that traffic exhaust exposure may be a risk factor for night cough in young children.
Sucharew H, Ryan PH, Bernstein D, et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009 Oct 12.
建立重复测量的结构方程模型，评价1岁、2岁及3岁时的RNC。RNC患病率在1岁、2岁及3岁时大体相似，分别为21.6%、17.3%和21.1%。交通废气暴露高的儿童，与交通废气暴露较少儿童相比，其患RNC的风险增加45％（校正后OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.94）。此外，喘息与RNC风险的相关性高于76％（校正后OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.26）。母乳喂养对RNC具有保护性作用，母乳喂养儿童的RNC风险下降27％（校正后OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.01）。其它因素未见与RNC风险具有显著相关性。
上述结果显示交通废气是导致年轻儿童夜间咳嗽的一个危险因素。
（刘国梁 审校）
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009 Oct 12.
Exposure to traffic exhaust and night cough during early childhood: the CCAAPS birth cohort.
Sucharew H, Ryan PH, Bernstein D, Succop P, Khurana Hershey GK, Lockey J, Villareal M, Reponen T, Grinshpun S, Lemasters G.
Though studies have investigated the association between air pollution and respiratory health outcomes in children, few have focused on night cough. The study objective was to simultaneously evaluate family factors (i.e., race, gender, maternal and paternal asthma, and breastfeeding), health (allergen sensitization and wheezing symptoms), home factors (dog, cat, mold, endotoxin, and dust mite), and other environmental exposures (traffic exhaust and second-hand tobacco smoke) for associations with recurrent dry night cough (RNC) during early childhood. A structural equation model with repeat measures was developed assessing RNC at ages one, two, and three. The prevalence of RNC was relatively large and similar at ages, one, two, and three at 21.6%, 17.3%, and 21.1%, respectively. Children exposed to the highest tertile of traffic exhaust had an estimated 45% increase in risk of RNC compared with children less exposed (adjusted OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.94). Also, wheezing was associated with a 76% higher risk of RNC (adjusted OR 1.76, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.26). A protective trend for breastfeeding was found with a 27% reduction in risk associated with breastfeeding (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.01). No other factors were significant. These results suggest that traffic exhaust exposure may be a risk factor for night cough in young children.
Sucharew H, Ryan PH, Bernstein D, et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2009 Oct 12.
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吸烟对人咳嗽反射敏感性的影响
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前列腺素E2通过EP3受体调节咳嗽：对未来咳嗽治疗的意义
