鼻病毒与哮喘发生
2009/08/11
综述目的：婴儿期病毒诱发的喘息是哮喘的危险因素，近期研究显示，鼻病毒不仅能导致急性疾病，而且是导致慢性哮喘的重要因素。
近期研究结果：长期以来认为人类鼻病毒（HRVs）是导致儿童普通感冒的主要原因。随着分子诊断学的发展，研究人员发现了新的病毒，结果显示，HRV是导致学龄前儿童下呼吸道感染和急性喘息的重要原因。此外，HRV诱导的喘息发作能鉴别可能进展为哮喘的高危患儿。
总结：综上所述，这些结果显示，HRV或呼吸道合胞病毒导致的下呼吸道感染可能是形成哮喘的重要原因，特别是在缺乏较强抗病毒能力的儿童。许多实验模型和临床试验试图寻找与感染相关的可能机制及导致肺功能及免疫功能异常的宿主反应，这些反应可能促进哮喘的发生。确定了上述相关性，则有助于研究和开发儿童常见哮喘的治疗和预防手段。
（林江涛 审校）
Gern JE. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Feb;9(1):73-78.
Rhinovirus and the initiation of asthma.
Gern JE.
Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-9988, USA. gern@medicine.wisc.edu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Virus-induced wheezing in infancy is a risk factor for asthma, and recent studies have highlighted the role of rhinoviruses in causing acute illnesses and as a possible contributing factor to chronic asthma.
RECENT FINDINGS: Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) have long been known as the most common cause of common cold in infants and children. Recent developments in molecular diagnostics have led to the discovery of new viruses and have also provided data to implicate HRV as an important cause of lower respiratory infections and acute virus-induced wheezing in preschool children. In addition, HRV-induced wheezing episodes appear to identify children who are at increased risk for the subsequent development of childhood asthma.
SUMMARY: Collectively, these findings raise the possibility that lower respiratory infections with pathogens such as HRV and respiratory syncytial virus could participate in the causation of asthma, especially in children with suboptimal antiviral defenses. A variety of experimental models and clinical studies have been used to identify possible mechanisms related to the infection and the ensuing host response that could disturb normal lung and immunologic development to promote asthma. Defining these relationships could lead to new therapeutic and preventive approaches to common forms of childhood asthma.
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SHIP1是肥大细胞增生、细胞因子生成和过敏性炎症的抑制因子：体内试验研究
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哮喘异质性与血液中炎性模式的研究
