高分辨率CT扫描显示采用常规治疗的哮喘患者气道重构具有不可逆性:6年的纵向研究
2009/06/24
对于哮喘患者,可以对其肺实质及气道病理变化进行高分辨率CT(HRCT)扫描以评价其气道重构。本研究采用HRCT检测哮喘患者大小气道的结构变化,旨在研究延长使用常规哮喘治疗方法是否会导致气道重构。通过检测下述病理变化指标对HRCT 扫描进行前瞻性研究:支气管壁厚度(BWT)、支气管扩张、粘液嵌塞、中心小叶致密影、较厚的线状致密影、局部透光过度以及肺气肿。本试验对50名轻度和中度哮喘患者进行CT扫描,在患者常规抗哮喘治疗6年后对这些病理变化进行再次评价。共有46名患者完成本研究。第二次扫描发现至少一种病理变化的概率显著大于第一次,分别为56.5%(26人)和39.1%(18人)(P= 0.02)。在BWT、支气管扩张、中心小叶致密影、局部透光过度、较厚的线状致密影和肺气肿等病理变化中,不可逆性病理改变的比例分别为80%、100%、75%、87.7%、77.8%和100%。BWT、支气管扩张、中心小叶致密影、局部透光过度、较厚的线状致密影和肺气肿等病理变化中,新检测的结构变化比例分别为25%、2.5%、0%、7.9%、8.1%和0%。新近出现的BWT及其发展与哮喘病程相关(P= 0.03)。
本研究结果显示,HRCT显示的重构特征一旦出现,在大部分患者中为不可逆性变化,而且即使采用标准的哮喘治疗方案,新的气道重构仍然会出现。
Kurt E,et al. J Asthma. 2009 Apr;46(3):300-307
Irreversiblity of remodeled features on high-resolution computerized tomography scans of asthmatic patients on conventional therapy: a 6-year longitudinal study.
Airway remodeling can be assessed using high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) scanning of both parenchymal-and airway abnormalities in patients with asthma. The aim of this study was to examine structural changes in large and small airways of asthmatic patients using HRCT to determine if remodeling changes had occurred after prolonged use of conventional anti-asthma therapy. HRCT scans were evaluated prospectively for evidence of the following abnormalities: bronchial wall thickening (BWT), bronchiectasis, mucoid impactions, small centrilobular opacities, thick linear opacities, focal hyperlucency, and emphysema. Fifty mild and moderate asthmatics were enrolled in the study group. These abnormalities were re-evaluated in the patients after the passage of 6 years of regular anti-asthma medication. Forty-six of the patients completed the study. The probability of finding at least one abnormality by HRCT investigation was statistically higher in the second scan than in the first (26 patients [56.5%] versus 18 patients [39.1%], p = 0.02]. Irreversibility ratios of abnormalities were 80%, 100%, 75%, 87.7%, 77.8%, and 100% for BWT, bronchiectasis, small centrilobular opacities, focal hyperlucency, thick linear opacity, and emphysema, respectively. The ratios for newly detected structural abnormalities were 25%, 2.5%, 0%, 7.9%, 8.1%, and 0% for BWT, bronchiectasis, small centrilobular opacities, focal hyperlucency, thick linear opacity, and emphysema, respectively. New occurrences and progression in BWT are associated with the duration of asthma affliction (p = 0.03). The results of our study indicate that HRCT remodeling features, once occurring, are irreversible in most of the patients, and new remodeling features also occur despite administering the standard asthma treatment.
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低剂量布地奈德吸入对轻度哮喘患者PC20 AMP水平的影响:3个月的随访研究
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咳嗽变异型哮喘和典型哮喘在乙酰甲胆碱诱导的支气管收缩中的表现特征:横断面研究