小鼠中怀孕期间母鼠吸烟引起子鼠气道重塑
2009/03/24
吸烟的母亲其子女发生哮喘的风险增加，但在很大程度上其原因还不清楚。我们研究了哮喘动物模型中怀孕期间母鼠吸烟对子鼠气道重塑、过敏性呼吸道感染和气道高反应性的影响。母鼠从怀孕前3周开始直到生产，分别吸入新鲜空气或吸烟。从出生前1周到出生后5～10周，子鼠暴露于屋尘螨（HDM）或PBS滴鼻4次。母鼠吸烟使子鼠呼吸道平滑肌层、胶原III沉积和HDM诱导的杯状细胞数量增加，此外还使与呼吸道平滑肌层和胶原沉积增加显著相关的乙酰甲胆碱反应性增强。母鼠吸烟使肺组织中HDM诱导的中性粒细胞和肥大细胞数量增加。未发现更多的影响。怀孕期间母鼠吸烟引起子鼠气道重建，导致乙酰甲胆碱反应增强，即使未接触过敏原，这种影响也会发生，但接触过敏原可能会加重过敏刺激物产生的后果，导致与未吸烟的母鼠相比，吸烟母鼠其暴露于HDM的子鼠乙酰甲胆碱反应较强。
我们结果证实了母亲吸烟和哮喘相关的可能机制。
（陈欣 审校）
Blacquière MJ, et al. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jan 7
Blacquière MJ, et al. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print] Links
Maternal smoking during pregnancy induces airway remodeling in mice offspring.
Children from smoking mothers have an increased risk to develop asthma for reasons largely unknown. We investigated effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on remodeling, allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in offspring in an experimental asthma model.Mice were exposed to fresh air or cigarette smoke from 3 weeks prior to conception until birth. Offspring were exposed to house dust mite (HDM) or PBS intranasally 4 times.week(-1) from week 5-10 after birth onwards.Maternal smoking increased airway smooth muscle layer, collagen III deposition and HDM-induced goblet cell numbers in offspring. It additionally increased methacholine responsiveness which correlated significantly with increased airway smooth muscle layer and collagen deposition. Maternal smoking increased HDM-induced numbers of neutrophils and mast cells in lung tissue. No further effects were observed. Smoking during pregnancy induces airway remodeling in mice offspring, which may contribute to increased methacholine responsiveness. This takes place irrespective of allergen exposure but may worsen the outcome of the allergic stimulus, resulting in higher methacholine responsiveness in HDM exposed offspring from smoking mothers when compared to non-smoking mothers. Our results provide a possible mechanism behind the association between maternal smoking and asthma.
我们结果证实了母亲吸烟和哮喘相关的可能机制。
（陈欣 审校）
Blacquière MJ, et al. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jan 7
Blacquière MJ, et al. Eur Respir J. 2009 Jan 7. [Epub ahead of print] Links
Maternal smoking during pregnancy induces airway remodeling in mice offspring.
Children from smoking mothers have an increased risk to develop asthma for reasons largely unknown. We investigated effects of maternal smoking during pregnancy on remodeling, allergic airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in offspring in an experimental asthma model.Mice were exposed to fresh air or cigarette smoke from 3 weeks prior to conception until birth. Offspring were exposed to house dust mite (HDM) or PBS intranasally 4 times.week(-1) from week 5-10 after birth onwards.Maternal smoking increased airway smooth muscle layer, collagen III deposition and HDM-induced goblet cell numbers in offspring. It additionally increased methacholine responsiveness which correlated significantly with increased airway smooth muscle layer and collagen deposition. Maternal smoking increased HDM-induced numbers of neutrophils and mast cells in lung tissue. No further effects were observed. Smoking during pregnancy induces airway remodeling in mice offspring, which may contribute to increased methacholine responsiveness. This takes place irrespective of allergen exposure but may worsen the outcome of the allergic stimulus, resulting in higher methacholine responsiveness in HDM exposed offspring from smoking mothers when compared to non-smoking mothers. Our results provide a possible mechanism behind the association between maternal smoking and asthma.
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哮喘和非哮喘型嗜酸粒细胞性支气管炎患者气道壁的几何构型
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重症哮喘患儿中呼吸道谷胱甘肽内环境稳定发生改变：氧化应激的证据
