妊娠期暴露于颗粒会增加新生婴儿哮喘的敏感性
2008/04/30
母体的免疫应答能够促进后代的变态反应的发展。动物模型显示,用卵蛋白(OVA)致敏或激发的妊娠母鼠其生育的幼鼠哮喘的易感性增加。作者观察了妊娠期间增加暴露于空气污染如柴油废气颗粒(DEP)和对照组暴露于惰性的二氧化钛颗粒(TiO2)是否增加气道炎症应答,以及暴露情况是否会增加其后代哮喘的易感性。妊娠的BALB/c小鼠(或没有妊娠的对照组)在妊娠的第14天给予鼻内颗粒悬液。在暴露48小时后评价其肺内炎症情况。用颗粒或缓冲液处理过的母鼠所生育的子鼠是被致敏过的,给予OVA雾化,然后分析其气道高反应性和过敏性反应。
结果发现,没有怀孕的雌鼠对惰性二氧化钛颗粒(TiO2)刺激的反应非常微小。相反,妊娠的雌鼠在吸入二氧化钛颗粒(TiO2) 或柴油废气颗粒(DEP)后,显示出强烈和持久的急性炎症反应。用识别染色体排列的方法来识别妊娠期肺内吸入TiO2的小鼠的基因表达的差别。暴露于TiO2和DEP的母体小鼠所生育的后代会发生气道高反应和过敏反应,而暴露于缓冲液的母体小鼠所生育的后代则不会出现气道高反应和过敏反应。这表明妊娠暴露于TiO2和DEP,会增加其后代哮喘的易感性。
因此,1)在其他时期一些相对无毒的惰性粒子,而在妊娠期间会增加肺部的炎症应答。2)非变应体质的妊娠雌鼠暴露于环境空气中惰性或毒性的颗粒能够增加其后代变应性疾病的易感性。
(苏楠 卫生部中日友好医院呼吸内科 100029 摘译)(Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 2007,38: 57-67.)
Pulmonary Exposure to Particles During Pregnancy Causes Increased Neonatal Asthma Susceptibility.
Fedulov AV, Leme A, Yang Z, Dahl M, Lim R, Mariani TJ, Kobzik L.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 26; [Epub ahead of print]
Department of Environmental Health, Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Rationale: Maternal immune responses can promote allergy development in offspring, as shown in a model of increased susceptibility to asthma in babies of ovalbumin (OVA) -sensitized and challenged mother mice.
Objective: We investigated whether inflammatory responses to air pollution particles (diesel exhaust particles, DEP) or control "inert" titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles are enhanced during pregnancy and whether exposure to particles can cause increased neonatal susceptibility to asthma.
Methods: Pregnant BALB/c mice (or non-pregnant controls) received particle suspensions intranasally at day 14 of pregnancy. Lung inflammatory responses were evaluated 48 h after exposure. Offspring of particle or buffer-treated mothers were sensitized and aerosolized with OVA, followed by assays of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and allergic inflammation (AI).
Results: Non-pregnant females had the expected minimal response to "inert" TiO2. In contrast, pregnant mice showed robust and persistent acute inflammation after both TiO2 and DEP. Genomic profiling identified genes differentially expressed in pregnant lungs exposed to TiO2. Neonates of mothers exposed to TiO2 (and DEP, but not PBS) developed AHR and AI, indicating that pregnancy exposure to both "inert" TiO2 and DEP, caused increased asthma susceptibility in offspring.
Conclusions: 1) Pregnancy enhances lung inflammatory responses to otherwise relatively innocuous inert particles; 2) exposures of non-allergic pregnant females to inert or toxic environmental air particles can cause increased allergic susceptibility in offspring.
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