急性心梗的住院吸烟者采用药物戒烟的比例和相关性
2011/08/30
摘要
背景:虽然对于急性心梗(AMI)的吸烟患者,目前推荐的干预措施是进行戒烟咨询,但美国心脏病学院/美国心脏协会的指南推荐同时应给予药物治疗。本试验的目的旨在研究因AMI住院的吸烟患者使用药物戒烟的比例和相关性。
方法:在有24个中心参与的TRIUMPH注册研究中,对4340名AMI患者进行详细访谈,1631名患者在入院后的30天内曾吸过烟。通过对病历进行回顾,对出院时给予一线戒烟药物的患者进行评价。基于文献回顾,将所有与戒烟治疗相关的患者因素纳入分层校正后的log Poisson模型中。
结果:仅14%的AMI吸烟患者在出院时给予了戒烟药物。对患者特征进行多变量校正后,在不同医院也存在着显著差异(范围:0~28%;率比中位数:1.41, 95% CI 1.23-2.67)。与戒烟药物治疗相关的独立因素包括高龄(率比为每10年增加0.81,95% CI 0.71-0.93)、高中毕业(率比为1.37, 95% CI 1.10-1.66)、吸烟较多(>20根/天) (率比为3.08, 95% CI 2.20-4.12)、住院行血管再通术(率比为1.41, 95% CI 1.0-1.94)和对戒烟进行指导(率比为2.37, 95% CI 1.40-4.01).
结论:患有AMI的吸烟者较少采用戒烟药物治疗,而且在不同医院之间也存在显著差异。高龄、教育水平低和吸烟较少的患者,接受药物戒烟治疗的可能性较低。有必要制定新的策略以提高药物治疗的比例。
(陈欣 审校)
Am Heart J. 2011 Jul;162(1):74-80.
Prevalence and correlates of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy in hospitalized smokers with acute myocardial infarction.
Katz DA, Tang F, Faseru B, Horwitz PA, Jones P, Spertus J.
Source
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine and Iowa City VA Hospital, Iowa City, IA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although current performance measures recommend smoking cessation counseling at the time of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy as well. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence and correlates of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy in hospitalized patients with AMI.
METHODS: In the 24-center TRIUMPH registry, 4,340 AMI patients underwent detailed interviews; and 1,631 reported smoking within 30 days of admission. Prescription of first-line smoking cessation medications at discharge was assessed by medical record review. All patient-related factors associated with smoking cessation treatment, based on literature review, were included in hierarchical modified log Poisson models.
RESULTS: Only 14% (222/1,631) of AMI patients who smoked were prescribed smoking cessation medication at discharge. After multivariable adjustment for patient characteristics, there was significant variation across sites (range 0%-28%, median rate ratio 1.41, 95% CI 1.23-2.67). Independent factors associated with smoking cessation pharmacotherapy included older age (rate ratio 0.81 per 10-year increment, 95% CI 0.71-0.93), high school graduation (rate ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.10-1.66), heavy cigarette usage (>20/d) (rate ratio 3.08, 95% CI 2.20-4.12), in-hospital revascularization (rate ratio 1.41, 95% CI 1.0-1.94), and instructions on smoking cessation (rate ratio 2.37, 95% CI 1.40-4.01).
CONCLUSIONS: Smokers surviving an AMI are infrequently prescribed guideline-recommended smoking cessation treatments, and there is considerable variation across hospitals. Older, less educated, and lighter smokers are less likely to receive aggressive smoking cessation treatment. Novel strategies to augment current practice are needed.
Am Heart J. 2011 Jul;162(1):74-80.
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