孕妇孕期戒烟：系统性综述
2010/04/13
摘要:对于整个无助的非吸烟者胎儿来说，二手烟是一个重要的健康风险。有关孕妇孕期吸烟的可靠数据对于有效的预防和干预项目具有重要意义。本文旨在通过与自发戒烟者比较，鉴别此类危险群体。
方法：该系统性综述以经验性论著为基础，论述研究对象为孕期开始即存在吸烟的孕妇。根据QUOROM声明，所有参与者或门诊吸烟者入选。但存在干预治疗的群体未纳入此研究。所有研究来自于发达国家，论文发表时间为1997年1月～2008年3月。
主要发现：共计检索到19项研究。以人群为基础的研究中，戒断率介于4%～69.7%，以门诊为基础的研究中，戒断率为26.5%～47.0%。吸烟伴侣、大部分儿童、较高比例的烟草消耗及产前护理缺乏是孕期吸烟的预测因子。
潜在价值：本研究寻找到影响孕妇孕期戒烟的相关风险因素。
结论：根据研究结果，有必要对风险群体采取预防措施。
（陈欣 审校）
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010 Jan 1;29(1):81-90.
Smoking cessation during pregnancy: A systematic literature review.
Schneider S, Huy C, Schütz J, Diehl K.
Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Street 7-11, Mannheim, Germany. sven.schneider@medma.uni-heidelberg.de
Abstract Issues. Second-hand smoke presents a health risk for a large group of entirely helpless nonsmokers: unborn children. Reliable data on women continuing to smoke during pregnancy are essential for effective preventive and interventional programs. The aim of this review is therefore to identify this risk group compared with spontaneous quitters of smoking. Approach. This systematic literature review is based solely on empirical original papers derived from samples of pregnant women smoking at the beginning of pregnancy. In accordance with the QUOROM Statement all population or clinic-based samples were included. Collectives from intervention studies were not included. All studies were from developed nations and published between January 1997 and March 2008. Key Findings. A total of 19 studies were identified. The rate of quitters was between 4.0% and 69.7% for population-based studies, and 26.5% and 47.0% for clinic-based studies. A smoking partner, a large number of children, a high rate of tobacco consumption, as well as deficiencies in prenatal care were predictors of smoking during pregnancy. Implications. This study identifies risk factors and correlates and indicates common obstacles for women to quit smoking during pregnancy. Conclusion. The risk groups that can be defined based on our results are a key target population for preventive measures.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010 Jan 1;29(1):81-90.
方法：该系统性综述以经验性论著为基础，论述研究对象为孕期开始即存在吸烟的孕妇。根据QUOROM声明，所有参与者或门诊吸烟者入选。但存在干预治疗的群体未纳入此研究。所有研究来自于发达国家，论文发表时间为1997年1月～2008年3月。
主要发现：共计检索到19项研究。以人群为基础的研究中，戒断率介于4%～69.7%，以门诊为基础的研究中，戒断率为26.5%～47.0%。吸烟伴侣、大部分儿童、较高比例的烟草消耗及产前护理缺乏是孕期吸烟的预测因子。
潜在价值：本研究寻找到影响孕妇孕期戒烟的相关风险因素。
结论：根据研究结果，有必要对风险群体采取预防措施。
（陈欣 审校）
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010 Jan 1;29(1):81-90.
Smoking cessation during pregnancy: A systematic literature review.
Schneider S, Huy C, Schütz J, Diehl K.
Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Street 7-11, Mannheim, Germany. sven.schneider@medma.uni-heidelberg.de
Abstract Issues. Second-hand smoke presents a health risk for a large group of entirely helpless nonsmokers: unborn children. Reliable data on women continuing to smoke during pregnancy are essential for effective preventive and interventional programs. The aim of this review is therefore to identify this risk group compared with spontaneous quitters of smoking. Approach. This systematic literature review is based solely on empirical original papers derived from samples of pregnant women smoking at the beginning of pregnancy. In accordance with the QUOROM Statement all population or clinic-based samples were included. Collectives from intervention studies were not included. All studies were from developed nations and published between January 1997 and March 2008. Key Findings. A total of 19 studies were identified. The rate of quitters was between 4.0% and 69.7% for population-based studies, and 26.5% and 47.0% for clinic-based studies. A smoking partner, a large number of children, a high rate of tobacco consumption, as well as deficiencies in prenatal care were predictors of smoking during pregnancy. Implications. This study identifies risk factors and correlates and indicates common obstacles for women to quit smoking during pregnancy. Conclusion. The risk groups that can be defined based on our results are a key target population for preventive measures.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2010 Jan 1;29(1):81-90.
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