环境吸烟与主动吸烟对哮喘与鼻炎的发生和结局的影响
2009/07/30
综述目的：讨论主动吸烟与环境吸烟对上、下呼吸道炎症疾病的影响的最新观点。
最近的发现：我们已经知道从胎儿期到青春期的哮喘的发病都与吸烟有关。二手烟的暴露和主动吸烟不仅在哮喘流行病学群体研究中发现在哮喘的发病中其重要作用，而且在过敏性鼻炎的发病中也起重要作用。烟草似乎影响到诱发Th2相关呼吸疾病的天然免疫并增加IgE介导的致敏作用的风险。吸烟与哮喘和鼻炎的结局的恶化相关。
总结：吸烟对于哮喘的几个有害作用包括：使肺功能加速衰退、加重症状、损害生活质量、降低对激素的治疗反应。吸烟的有害作用影响到哮喘和鼻炎的疾病转归。烟草暴露可以影响天然免疫，减少抗原递呈细胞细胞因子的生成、同时降低对toll样受体配体的反应。主动吸烟与现患哮喘和鼻炎的症状相关，还可能是鼻炎患者发展为哮喘的危险因素。吸烟还能够引发闭塞以及非过敏性鼻炎患者的粘膜纤毛清除率降低。
（张永明编译 刘国梁审校）
Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology. 9(3):136-140, April 2009.
Impact of environmental tobacco smoke and active tobacco smoking on the development and outcomes of asthma and rhinitis.
Baena-Cagnani, Carlos E a,b; Gomez, R Maximiliano c; Baena-Cagnani, Rodrigo d; Canonica, G Walter b
(a)Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
(b)University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
(c)Allergy and Asthma Unit, Hospital San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
(d)Department of Pulmonology, TC de Allende Hospital. Cordoba, Argentina
Purpose of review: We aim to discuss current insights on the influence of active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke in lower and upper respiratory inflammatory illnesses.
Recent findings: Insight has been gained on the effect of tobacco smoking on the development of asthma from the womb to adolescence. Secondhand tobacco exposure and active smoking play a major role not only in the inception of asthma epidemiological community studies but also in patients already suffering from allergic rhinitis. Tobacco seems to influence innate immunity predisposing to Th2-associated respiratory diseases and increasing the risk for IgE-mediated sensitization. Tobacco smoking is related to worst outcomes in both asthma and rhinitis.
Summary: Several deleterious effects have been described in asthma because of smoking: accelerated decline in lung function, more severe symptoms, impairment in quality of life and diminished therapeutic response to steroids. The harmful effect of tobacco smoking is not only on asthma but also on rhinitis playing a role in disease outcomes. Tobacco exposure can influence innate immunity diminishing innate production of antigen-presenting cells cytokines, as well as an impaired response to toll-like receptor ligands. Active smoking is associated with current symptoms of asthma and rhinitis and seems to be a risk factor for developing new asthma in patients with rhinitis. Tobacco smoking has been also found among the factors inducing nasal obstruction and decreased muco-ciliary clearance in nonallergic rhinitis.
DOI Number 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283294038
最近的发现：我们已经知道从胎儿期到青春期的哮喘的发病都与吸烟有关。二手烟的暴露和主动吸烟不仅在哮喘流行病学群体研究中发现在哮喘的发病中其重要作用，而且在过敏性鼻炎的发病中也起重要作用。烟草似乎影响到诱发Th2相关呼吸疾病的天然免疫并增加IgE介导的致敏作用的风险。吸烟与哮喘和鼻炎的结局的恶化相关。
总结：吸烟对于哮喘的几个有害作用包括：使肺功能加速衰退、加重症状、损害生活质量、降低对激素的治疗反应。吸烟的有害作用影响到哮喘和鼻炎的疾病转归。烟草暴露可以影响天然免疫，减少抗原递呈细胞细胞因子的生成、同时降低对toll样受体配体的反应。主动吸烟与现患哮喘和鼻炎的症状相关，还可能是鼻炎患者发展为哮喘的危险因素。吸烟还能够引发闭塞以及非过敏性鼻炎患者的粘膜纤毛清除率降低。
（张永明编译 刘国梁审校）
Current Opinion in Allergy & Clinical Immunology. 9(3):136-140, April 2009.
Impact of environmental tobacco smoke and active tobacco smoking on the development and outcomes of asthma and rhinitis.
Baena-Cagnani, Carlos E a,b; Gomez, R Maximiliano c; Baena-Cagnani, Rodrigo d; Canonica, G Walter b
(a)Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina
(b)University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
(c)Allergy and Asthma Unit, Hospital San Bernardo, Salta, Argentina
(d)Department of Pulmonology, TC de Allende Hospital. Cordoba, Argentina
Purpose of review: We aim to discuss current insights on the influence of active smoking and environmental tobacco smoke in lower and upper respiratory inflammatory illnesses.
Recent findings: Insight has been gained on the effect of tobacco smoking on the development of asthma from the womb to adolescence. Secondhand tobacco exposure and active smoking play a major role not only in the inception of asthma epidemiological community studies but also in patients already suffering from allergic rhinitis. Tobacco seems to influence innate immunity predisposing to Th2-associated respiratory diseases and increasing the risk for IgE-mediated sensitization. Tobacco smoking is related to worst outcomes in both asthma and rhinitis.
Summary: Several deleterious effects have been described in asthma because of smoking: accelerated decline in lung function, more severe symptoms, impairment in quality of life and diminished therapeutic response to steroids. The harmful effect of tobacco smoking is not only on asthma but also on rhinitis playing a role in disease outcomes. Tobacco exposure can influence innate immunity diminishing innate production of antigen-presenting cells cytokines, as well as an impaired response to toll-like receptor ligands. Active smoking is associated with current symptoms of asthma and rhinitis and seems to be a risk factor for developing new asthma in patients with rhinitis. Tobacco smoking has been also found among the factors inducing nasal obstruction and decreased muco-ciliary clearance in nonallergic rhinitis.
DOI Number 10.1097/ACI.0b013e3283294038
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吸烟与饮酒对于胃肠癌进展的作用
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吸烟引起的早发首次心肌梗死的性别差异
