经胎盘抗菌抗体与儿童哮喘：母体出生地作为上游因素
2026/02/02
背景：早期微生物暴露于微生物可能在哮喘的发展中发挥作用。这项研究检验了一种假设，即出生在低收入国家的母亲可能接触过多种微生物，导致更大的多样性和更高水平的经胎盘抗微生物抗体，从而为后代提供哮喘保护。
方法：在前瞻性的波士顿出生队列中，使用噬菌体免疫沉淀测序法对脐带血中针对微生物（2740种；1311属）的IgG抗体反应组进行了分析。应用多项式回归模型检验脐带血IgG反应与医生诊断的特应性和哮喘儿童风险的关系。进行中介分析，以检查母亲出生地、IgG反应组和儿童哮喘发病风险之间的相互关系。
结果：该报告包括943对出生时登记的母子，并进行了前瞻性随访。与美国出生母亲的孩子相比，外国出生母亲的儿童哮喘患病率较低（17.5%对30.5%），针对数百种微生物的脐带血IgG抗体多样性较高（FDR<0.05）。脐带血对6种微生物的肽或蛋白质的血清阳性与儿童哮喘的风险呈负相关，对这些微生物血清阳性的儿童患哮喘的风险较低（p<0.001）。对放线菌、幽门螺杆菌、福氏志贺菌和微小隐球菌的IgG血清阳性分别介导了母亲出生地与儿童哮喘风险之间17%—62%的关联。
结论：在这项美国前瞻性出生队列研究中，母体经胎盘IgG对四种微生物（放线菌、幽门螺杆菌、福氏志贺菌和微小隐球菌）的反应与儿童哮喘风险较低有关，这在一定程度上解释了在美国以外出生的母亲的儿童哮喘风险降低的原因。
Transplacental Antimicrobial Antibodies and Childhood Asthma: Maternal Nativity as an Upstream Factor
Hong X, Nadeau KC, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio P, Wang G, Jernbom AF, Li S, Zhao N, Morgenlander WR, Angkeow JW, Thakar M, Pearson C, Adams WG, Larman HB, Ji H, Wang X.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Early-life microbial exposure to microbes may play a role in asthma development. This study tests the hypothesis that mothers born in low-income countries might have been exposed to diverse microbes-leading to greater diversity and higher levels of transplacental anti-microbial antibodies, thereby conferring protection against asthma in offspring.
METHODS:In the prospective Boston Birth Cohort, IgG antibody reactome against microbes (2740 species; 1311 genera) was profiled in cord blood, using Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing. Multinomial regression models were applied to examine the associations of cord blood IgG reactome with child risk of physician-diagnosed atopy and asthma. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the inter-relationships among maternal nativity, IgG reactome and risk of developing childhood asthma.
RESULTS:This report included 943 mother-child dyads enrolled at birth and followed prospectively. Compared to children of US-born mothers, children of foreign-born mothers had a lower prevalence of asthma (17.5% vs. 30.5%) and greater diversity of cord blood IgG antibodies against hundreds of microbes (FDR < 0.05). Cord blood seropositivity to peptides or proteins from 6 microbes was inversely associated with the risk of asthma in children, and children with more seropositivity to these microbes were at a lower risk of developing asthma (p < 0.001). IgG seropositivity to A. actinomycetemcomitans, H. pylori, S. flexneri, and T. parva each mediated 17%—62% of the association between maternal nativity and child risk of asthma.
CONCLUSIONS:In this US prospective birth cohort, maternal transplacental IgG reactivity to four microbes (A. actinomycetemcomitans, H. pylori, S. flexneri and T. parva) was associated with a lower risk of childhood asthma, and partly explains the lower risk of asthma in children of mothers born outside the US.
方法：在前瞻性的波士顿出生队列中，使用噬菌体免疫沉淀测序法对脐带血中针对微生物（2740种；1311属）的IgG抗体反应组进行了分析。应用多项式回归模型检验脐带血IgG反应与医生诊断的特应性和哮喘儿童风险的关系。进行中介分析，以检查母亲出生地、IgG反应组和儿童哮喘发病风险之间的相互关系。
结果：该报告包括943对出生时登记的母子，并进行了前瞻性随访。与美国出生母亲的孩子相比，外国出生母亲的儿童哮喘患病率较低（17.5%对30.5%），针对数百种微生物的脐带血IgG抗体多样性较高（FDR<0.05）。脐带血对6种微生物的肽或蛋白质的血清阳性与儿童哮喘的风险呈负相关，对这些微生物血清阳性的儿童患哮喘的风险较低（p<0.001）。对放线菌、幽门螺杆菌、福氏志贺菌和微小隐球菌的IgG血清阳性分别介导了母亲出生地与儿童哮喘风险之间17%—62%的关联。
结论：在这项美国前瞻性出生队列研究中，母体经胎盘IgG对四种微生物（放线菌、幽门螺杆菌、福氏志贺菌和微小隐球菌）的反应与儿童哮喘风险较低有关，这在一定程度上解释了在美国以外出生的母亲的儿童哮喘风险降低的原因。
（中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 张婧媛 摘译 林江涛 审校）
（Allergy. 2026 Jan;81(1):197-208. doi: 10.1111/all.70167.）
（Allergy. 2026 Jan;81(1):197-208. doi: 10.1111/all.70167.）
Transplacental Antimicrobial Antibodies and Childhood Asthma: Maternal Nativity as an Upstream Factor
Hong X, Nadeau KC, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio P, Wang G, Jernbom AF, Li S, Zhao N, Morgenlander WR, Angkeow JW, Thakar M, Pearson C, Adams WG, Larman HB, Ji H, Wang X.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:Early-life microbial exposure to microbes may play a role in asthma development. This study tests the hypothesis that mothers born in low-income countries might have been exposed to diverse microbes-leading to greater diversity and higher levels of transplacental anti-microbial antibodies, thereby conferring protection against asthma in offspring.
METHODS:In the prospective Boston Birth Cohort, IgG antibody reactome against microbes (2740 species; 1311 genera) was profiled in cord blood, using Phage ImmunoPrecipitation Sequencing. Multinomial regression models were applied to examine the associations of cord blood IgG reactome with child risk of physician-diagnosed atopy and asthma. Mediation analysis was performed to examine the inter-relationships among maternal nativity, IgG reactome and risk of developing childhood asthma.
RESULTS:This report included 943 mother-child dyads enrolled at birth and followed prospectively. Compared to children of US-born mothers, children of foreign-born mothers had a lower prevalence of asthma (17.5% vs. 30.5%) and greater diversity of cord blood IgG antibodies against hundreds of microbes (FDR < 0.05). Cord blood seropositivity to peptides or proteins from 6 microbes was inversely associated with the risk of asthma in children, and children with more seropositivity to these microbes were at a lower risk of developing asthma (p < 0.001). IgG seropositivity to A. actinomycetemcomitans, H. pylori, S. flexneri, and T. parva each mediated 17%—62% of the association between maternal nativity and child risk of asthma.
CONCLUSIONS:In this US prospective birth cohort, maternal transplacental IgG reactivity to four microbes (A. actinomycetemcomitans, H. pylori, S. flexneri and T. parva) was associated with a lower risk of childhood asthma, and partly explains the lower risk of asthma in children of mothers born outside the US.
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哮喘相关焦虑的在线认知行为疗法：一项随机对照试验
