增加每日步数或可减少成年人未来发生哮喘的风险
2025/03/31
摘要
研究背景：研究表明，每日步数增加可降低多种慢性疾病风险。已有证据显示加强运动有助于改善哮喘控制，但针对成人新发哮喘的预防作用尚未见报道。
研究目的：探讨可量化的日常运动数据（步数）与成人新发哮喘的关联性。
研究方法：本研究基于美国全民健康研究计划（All of Us）的回顾性队列数据，纳入年龄≥18岁、同时拥有智能穿戴设备运动记录和电子病历的参与者。哮喘诊断标准为：至少两次ICD-9/10诊断编码+至少一次哮喘药物处方。根据发病时间将患者分为两组：在佩戴运动监测设备前或半年内确诊者归为"现患哮喘"；半年后确诊者归为"新发哮喘"。
研究结果：共纳入8,360名研究对象。分析显示：无哮喘人群日均步数中位数显著更高[7,795步（95%置信区间：5,879-9,921步），n=7,700]，现患哮喘组[6,968步（5,036-9,014步），n=450]和新发哮喘组[6,953步（5,215-8,261步），n=210]步数明显偏低（p<0.0001）。值得注意的是，新发哮喘组日均步数随时间下降幅度更大（p=0.018）。在校正年龄、性别、种族、体重指数、重度抑郁、睡眠呼吸暂停及慢性阻塞性肺病等混杂因素后，日均步数每增加1000步，哮喘发病风险下降7%（校正后风险比0.93，95%CI 0.88-0.98）。
研究结论：本研究发现成人新发哮喘患者日常活动量显著偏低，提示增加步数可能成为预防哮喘的新型干预靶点。建议对哮喘高危人群及现患者开展基于可穿戴设备的运动监测。
关键词：运动量、体力活动、新发哮喘、风险因素、步数监测、可穿戴设备。
文献来源：(Halevi JC , Annis J , MasterHiral ,et al.Association of Daily Steps Over Time with Adult Asthma Incidence.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 Mar 10:S0091-6749(25)00264-7.)
研究背景：研究表明，每日步数增加可降低多种慢性疾病风险。已有证据显示加强运动有助于改善哮喘控制，但针对成人新发哮喘的预防作用尚未见报道。
研究目的：探讨可量化的日常运动数据（步数）与成人新发哮喘的关联性。
研究方法：本研究基于美国全民健康研究计划（All of Us）的回顾性队列数据，纳入年龄≥18岁、同时拥有智能穿戴设备运动记录和电子病历的参与者。哮喘诊断标准为：至少两次ICD-9/10诊断编码+至少一次哮喘药物处方。根据发病时间将患者分为两组：在佩戴运动监测设备前或半年内确诊者归为"现患哮喘"；半年后确诊者归为"新发哮喘"。
研究结果：共纳入8,360名研究对象。分析显示：无哮喘人群日均步数中位数显著更高[7,795步（95%置信区间：5,879-9,921步），n=7,700]，现患哮喘组[6,968步（5,036-9,014步），n=450]和新发哮喘组[6,953步（5,215-8,261步），n=210]步数明显偏低（p<0.0001）。值得注意的是，新发哮喘组日均步数随时间下降幅度更大（p=0.018）。在校正年龄、性别、种族、体重指数、重度抑郁、睡眠呼吸暂停及慢性阻塞性肺病等混杂因素后，日均步数每增加1000步，哮喘发病风险下降7%（校正后风险比0.93，95%CI 0.88-0.98）。
研究结论：本研究发现成人新发哮喘患者日常活动量显著偏低，提示增加步数可能成为预防哮喘的新型干预靶点。建议对哮喘高危人群及现患者开展基于可穿戴设备的运动监测。
关键词：运动量、体力活动、新发哮喘、风险因素、步数监测、可穿戴设备。
文献来源：(Halevi JC , Annis J , MasterHiral ,et al.Association of Daily Steps Over Time with Adult Asthma Incidence.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 Mar 10:S0091-6749(25)00264-7.)
（南方医科大学南方医院 王君娆 彭晓阡 赵海金）
Abstract
Background: Higher daily step counts is associated with reduced risk of many chronic diseases. Increased physical activity improves asthma outcomes. There are no known prevention strategies for adult incident asthma.
Objective: To determine whether objective physical activity impacts adult asthma incidence.
Methods: Participants in the All of Us Research Program retrospective cohort aged ≥ 18 years with linked personal activity tracker and electronic health record data met inclusion. Asthma was defined as two ICD-9/10 codes and ≥ 1 medication. Participants with an asthma diagnosis date before/within six months of activity monitor initiation were assigned prevalent asthma; participants diagnosed after six months of activity monitoring were assigned incident asthma.
Results: 8,360 participants met inclusion. Median average steps/day were higher among asthma-free participants [7,795 (5,879-9,921, 95% CI), n = 7,700] than participants with prevalent [6,968 (5,036-9,014, 95% CI), n = 450] or incident asthma [6,953 (5,215-8,261), n = 210] (p < 0.0001). Significant time by incident asthma interaction was observed with a greater decline in steps/day over time in the incident asthma cohort (p = 0.018). An inverse relationship was observed between average steps/day and asthma incidence after adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, major depressive disorder, sleep apnea, and chronic obstructive lung disease [adjusted hazard ratio 0.93 (0.88-0.98, 95% CI) per 1,000 average daily step increase].
Conclusions: Objectively measured daily steps are lower in adults who develop incident asthma and may represent a modifiable risk factor to reduce asthma incidence. Future studies should objectively monitor physical activity among adults at risk for and with asthma.
Keywords: Activity; Exercise; Incident Asthma; Risk Factors; Step Counts; Wearable Electronic Devices.
Objective: To determine whether objective physical activity impacts adult asthma incidence.
Methods: Participants in the All of Us Research Program retrospective cohort aged ≥ 18 years with linked personal activity tracker and electronic health record data met inclusion. Asthma was defined as two ICD-9/10 codes and ≥ 1 medication. Participants with an asthma diagnosis date before/within six months of activity monitor initiation were assigned prevalent asthma; participants diagnosed after six months of activity monitoring were assigned incident asthma.
Results: 8,360 participants met inclusion. Median average steps/day were higher among asthma-free participants [7,795 (5,879-9,921, 95% CI), n = 7,700] than participants with prevalent [6,968 (5,036-9,014, 95% CI), n = 450] or incident asthma [6,953 (5,215-8,261), n = 210] (p < 0.0001). Significant time by incident asthma interaction was observed with a greater decline in steps/day over time in the incident asthma cohort (p = 0.018). An inverse relationship was observed between average steps/day and asthma incidence after adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, major depressive disorder, sleep apnea, and chronic obstructive lung disease [adjusted hazard ratio 0.93 (0.88-0.98, 95% CI) per 1,000 average daily step increase].
Conclusions: Objectively measured daily steps are lower in adults who develop incident asthma and may represent a modifiable risk factor to reduce asthma incidence. Future studies should objectively monitor physical activity among adults at risk for and with asthma.
Keywords: Activity; Exercise; Incident Asthma; Risk Factors; Step Counts; Wearable Electronic Devices.
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