支气管哮喘的免疫学基础
2021/03/22
摘要
在许多哮喘患者中，慢性气道炎症是由产生IL-4，IL-5-和IL-13的Th2细胞或ILC2驱动的。 2型细胞因子促进该疾病的标志性特征，例如嗜酸性粒细胞增多，粘液分泌过多，支气管高反应性（BHR），IgE产生以及对病情加重的易感性。但是，只有一半的哮喘患者具有这种高“ 2型”特征，而低“ 2型”哮喘与肥胖，嗜中性粒细胞的存在以及对主要治疗哮喘的糖皮质类固醇无反应性有关。在这里，我们通过讨论从动物研究中获得的结果以及针对特定免疫途径的临床研究中产生的结果，回顾了各种哮喘内型的潜在免疫学基础。
The basic immunology of asthma
Hamida Hammad, Bart N Lambrecht
Abstract
In many asthmatics, chronic airway inflammation is driven by IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-producing Th2 cells or ILC2s. Type 2 cytokines promote hallmark features of the disease such as eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), IgE production, and susceptibility to exacerbations. However, only half the asthmatics have this "type 2-high" signature, and "type 2-low" asthma is more associated with obesity, presence of neutrophils, and unresponsiveness to corticosteroids, the mainstay asthma therapy. Here, we review the underlying immunological basis of various asthma endotypes by discussing results obtained from animal studies as well as results generated in clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways.
在许多哮喘患者中，慢性气道炎症是由产生IL-4，IL-5-和IL-13的Th2细胞或ILC2驱动的。 2型细胞因子促进该疾病的标志性特征，例如嗜酸性粒细胞增多，粘液分泌过多，支气管高反应性（BHR），IgE产生以及对病情加重的易感性。但是，只有一半的哮喘患者具有这种高“ 2型”特征，而低“ 2型”哮喘与肥胖，嗜中性粒细胞的存在以及对主要治疗哮喘的糖皮质类固醇无反应性有关。在这里，我们通过讨论从动物研究中获得的结果以及针对特定免疫途径的临床研究中产生的结果，回顾了各种哮喘内型的潜在免疫学基础。
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 张清 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(Cell . 2021 Mar 9;S0092-8674(21)00166-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.016 .)
(Cell . 2021 Mar 9;S0092-8674(21)00166-5. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.016 .)
The basic immunology of asthma
Hamida Hammad, Bart N Lambrecht
Abstract
In many asthmatics, chronic airway inflammation is driven by IL-4-, IL-5-, and IL-13-producing Th2 cells or ILC2s. Type 2 cytokines promote hallmark features of the disease such as eosinophilia, mucus hypersecretion, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), IgE production, and susceptibility to exacerbations. However, only half the asthmatics have this "type 2-high" signature, and "type 2-low" asthma is more associated with obesity, presence of neutrophils, and unresponsiveness to corticosteroids, the mainstay asthma therapy. Here, we review the underlying immunological basis of various asthma endotypes by discussing results obtained from animal studies as well as results generated in clinical studies targeting specific immune pathways.
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控制性哮喘患者停用吸入糖皮质激素：DISCO研究
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医生诊断的哮喘和/或慢性阻塞性肺病之间的内在异质性：NOVELTY队列
