气道肌成纤维细胞在哮喘中的作用
2020/07/13
摘要
气道重塑是哮喘的特征性表现，且其被认为在气道高反应性的发病机制中起重要作用。肌成纤维细胞是参与损伤和修复的关键结构细胞，有证据表明其正常功能失调可导致气道重塑。虽然肌成纤维细胞很重要，但是缺乏特异的细胞标志物和命名不一致已经限制了我们对他们在气道重塑中的关键作用的认识。在哮喘患者中，肌成纤维细胞成数倍增加，且与疾病的严重程度成比例。肌成纤维细胞被认为既能来源于组织定值细胞又能来源于骨髓源细胞，这取决于损伤的阶段和组织部位。少数研究表明，在哮喘和其他炎症过程中，成纤维细胞数量减少，并且也逆转了已建立的肌成纤维细胞群体。在本文中，我们回顾了哮喘气道中肌成纤维细胞生物学的最新知识，并确定了减少或逆转重塑过程的潜在靶点。然而，这需要进一步的转化医学研究以更好地了解肌成纤维细胞在哮喘中的机制作用。
The Role of Airway Myofibroblasts in Asthma
Nicholas G Jendzjowsky , Margaret M Kelly
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a characteristic feature of asthma and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness. Myofibroblasts are key structural cells involved in injury and repair, and there is evidence that dysregulation of their normal function contributes to airway remodeling. Despite the importance of myofibroblasts, a lack of specific cellular markers and inconsistent nomenclature have limited recognition of their key role in airway remodeling. Myofibroblasts are increased several-fold in the airways in asthma, in proportion to the severity of the disease. Myofibroblasts are postulated to be derived from both tissue-resident and bone marrow-derived cells, depending on the stage of injury and the tissue. A small number of studies have demonstrated attenuation of myofibroblast numbers and also reversal of established myofibroblast populations in asthma and other inflammatory processes. In this article, we review what is currently known about the biology of myofibroblasts in the airways in asthma and identify potential targets to reduce or reverse the remodeling process. However, further translational research is required to better understand the mechanistic role of the myofibroblast in asthma.
气道重塑是哮喘的特征性表现，且其被认为在气道高反应性的发病机制中起重要作用。肌成纤维细胞是参与损伤和修复的关键结构细胞，有证据表明其正常功能失调可导致气道重塑。虽然肌成纤维细胞很重要，但是缺乏特异的细胞标志物和命名不一致已经限制了我们对他们在气道重塑中的关键作用的认识。在哮喘患者中，肌成纤维细胞成数倍增加，且与疾病的严重程度成比例。肌成纤维细胞被认为既能来源于组织定值细胞又能来源于骨髓源细胞，这取决于损伤的阶段和组织部位。少数研究表明，在哮喘和其他炎症过程中，成纤维细胞数量减少，并且也逆转了已建立的肌成纤维细胞群体。在本文中，我们回顾了哮喘气道中肌成纤维细胞生物学的最新知识，并确定了减少或逆转重塑过程的潜在靶点。然而，这需要进一步的转化医学研究以更好地了解肌成纤维细胞在哮喘中的机制作用。
(中日友好医院呼吸与危重症医学科 张清 摘译 林江涛 审校)
(Chest. 2019 Dec;156(6):1254-1267. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.1917)
(Chest. 2019 Dec;156(6):1254-1267. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.1917)
The Role of Airway Myofibroblasts in Asthma
Nicholas G Jendzjowsky , Margaret M Kelly
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a characteristic feature of asthma and is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of airway hyperresponsiveness. Myofibroblasts are key structural cells involved in injury and repair, and there is evidence that dysregulation of their normal function contributes to airway remodeling. Despite the importance of myofibroblasts, a lack of specific cellular markers and inconsistent nomenclature have limited recognition of their key role in airway remodeling. Myofibroblasts are increased several-fold in the airways in asthma, in proportion to the severity of the disease. Myofibroblasts are postulated to be derived from both tissue-resident and bone marrow-derived cells, depending on the stage of injury and the tissue. A small number of studies have demonstrated attenuation of myofibroblast numbers and also reversal of established myofibroblast populations in asthma and other inflammatory processes. In this article, we review what is currently known about the biology of myofibroblasts in the airways in asthma and identify potential targets to reduce or reverse the remodeling process. However, further translational research is required to better understand the mechanistic role of the myofibroblast in asthma.
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细胞因子诱导的气道平滑肌细胞分子反应为哮喘的全基因组关联研究提供了信息
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免疫球蛋白E的唾液酸化是过敏反应致病性的决定因素
