妊娠期香烟烟雾的暴露与跨代效应：一项关于哮喘动物的综述
2018/11/13
摘要
背景：在过去几十年中，哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的患病率显著上升，并且达到流行病的比例。然而，潜在的分子机制尚未完全了解，妨碍了疾病预防方法的开发。流行病学研究已确定，产前暴露于香烟烟雾是导致胎儿肺功能异常或生长减少的主要风险因素之一，但也是后期哮喘和COPD发生的可能因素。值得注意的是，近期研究表明，疾病风险可以跨代传递，即从祖父母传给孙辈。虽然小鼠模型中对子宫内烟雾暴露的初步研究提供了重要的机制，但仍然存在许多未知。
目的：因此，本综述总结了从小鼠模型中获得的该方面的知识，同时还介绍了另外两种相关的动物模型：果蝇和斑马鱼。
方法：本综述基于对1902年至2018年Pubmed列出的跨代动物研究的深入回顾，并详细了解选定的文献。RESULTS:
结果：本综述全面概述了在三个动物模型研究中获得的机制见解，同时强调了存在的知识空白。我们将进一步讨论三种动物模型的潜在优缺点。
结论/临床参考：多项研究已解决了小鼠、斑马鱼或苍蝇模型中疾病风险的跨代遗传问题。在这里我们提出了一种新的策略，用于如何协同组合上述三种模型生物体，以更详细地了解子宫内香烟烟雾引起的疾病风险的跨代遗传问题。
In utero exposure to cigarette smoke and effects across generations: a conference of animals on asthma.
Hammer B et al. Clin Exp Allergy.
2018 Sep 23. doi: 10.1111/cea.13283. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has risen markedly over the last decades and is reaching epidemic proportions. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood, hampering the urgently needed development of approaches to prevent these diseases. It is well established from epidemiological studies that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is one of the main risk factors for aberrant lung function development or reduced fetal growth, but also for the development of asthma and possibly COPD later in life. Of note, recent evidence suggests that the disease risk can be transferred across generations, i.e. from grandparents to their grandchildren. While initial studies in mouse models on in utero smoke exposure have provided important mechanistic insights, there are still knowledge gaps that need to be filled.
OBJECTIVE: Thus, in this review we summarize current knowledge on this topic derived from mouse models, while also introducing two other relevant animal models: the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the zebrafish Danio ratio.
METHODS: This review is based on an intensive review of Pubmed-listed transgenerational animal studies from 1902-2018 and focuses in detail on selected literature due to space limitations.
RESULTS：This review gives a comprehensive overview of mechanistic insights obtained in studies with the three species, while highlighting the remaining knowledge gaps. We will further discuss potential (dis)advantages of all three animal models.
CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Many studies have already addressed transgenerational inheritance of disease risk in mouse, zebrafish or fly models. We here propose a novel strategy for how these three model organisms can be synergistically combined to achieve a more detailed understanding of in utero cigarette smoke induced transgenerational inheritance of disease risk.
背景：在过去几十年中，哮喘和慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）的患病率显著上升，并且达到流行病的比例。然而，潜在的分子机制尚未完全了解，妨碍了疾病预防方法的开发。流行病学研究已确定，产前暴露于香烟烟雾是导致胎儿肺功能异常或生长减少的主要风险因素之一，但也是后期哮喘和COPD发生的可能因素。值得注意的是，近期研究表明，疾病风险可以跨代传递，即从祖父母传给孙辈。虽然小鼠模型中对子宫内烟雾暴露的初步研究提供了重要的机制，但仍然存在许多未知。
目的：因此，本综述总结了从小鼠模型中获得的该方面的知识，同时还介绍了另外两种相关的动物模型：果蝇和斑马鱼。
方法：本综述基于对1902年至2018年Pubmed列出的跨代动物研究的深入回顾，并详细了解选定的文献。RESULTS:
结果：本综述全面概述了在三个动物模型研究中获得的机制见解，同时强调了存在的知识空白。我们将进一步讨论三种动物模型的潜在优缺点。
结论/临床参考：多项研究已解决了小鼠、斑马鱼或苍蝇模型中疾病风险的跨代遗传问题。在这里我们提出了一种新的策略，用于如何协同组合上述三种模型生物体，以更详细地了解子宫内香烟烟雾引起的疾病风险的跨代遗传问题。
（复旦大学附属中山医院呼吸科 魏婷婷 摘译 李文扬 审校）
（2018 Sep 23. doi: 10.1111/cea.13283. [Epub ahead of print]）
（2018 Sep 23. doi: 10.1111/cea.13283. [Epub ahead of print]）
In utero exposure to cigarette smoke and effects across generations: a conference of animals on asthma.
Hammer B et al. Clin Exp Allergy.
2018 Sep 23. doi: 10.1111/cea.13283. [Epub ahead of print]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has risen markedly over the last decades and is reaching epidemic proportions. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood, hampering the urgently needed development of approaches to prevent these diseases. It is well established from epidemiological studies that prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke is one of the main risk factors for aberrant lung function development or reduced fetal growth, but also for the development of asthma and possibly COPD later in life. Of note, recent evidence suggests that the disease risk can be transferred across generations, i.e. from grandparents to their grandchildren. While initial studies in mouse models on in utero smoke exposure have provided important mechanistic insights, there are still knowledge gaps that need to be filled.
OBJECTIVE: Thus, in this review we summarize current knowledge on this topic derived from mouse models, while also introducing two other relevant animal models: the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster and the zebrafish Danio ratio.
METHODS: This review is based on an intensive review of Pubmed-listed transgenerational animal studies from 1902-2018 and focuses in detail on selected literature due to space limitations.
RESULTS：This review gives a comprehensive overview of mechanistic insights obtained in studies with the three species, while highlighting the remaining knowledge gaps. We will further discuss potential (dis)advantages of all three animal models.
CONCLUSION/CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Many studies have already addressed transgenerational inheritance of disease risk in mouse, zebrafish or fly models. We here propose a novel strategy for how these three model organisms can be synergistically combined to achieve a more detailed understanding of in utero cigarette smoke induced transgenerational inheritance of disease risk.
上一篇：
1型和3型干扰素产生的发育调控以及婴儿感染与哮喘发展的风险(JACI)
下一篇：
在混合炎症性哮喘小鼠模型中，中性粒细胞可通过中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶介导的FGF-2诱导平滑肌增生
