哮喘联盟

   摘要
   背景：本研究旨在观察瑞典哮喘和COPD患者吸烟情况改变、戒烟支持和成功戒烟的相关因素。
   方法：通过问卷形式展开，2005至2012年期间总计纳入54家初级医疗中心和中心区域14家医院。通过两个COPD和哮喘队列研究患者病史记录回访和问卷进行数据收集，2005年研究（n=2306; 随访至2012年）和2014/2015年研究。就吸烟流行情况、个人和团队戒烟支持和成功戒烟相关因素进行研究。
   结果：哮喘患者吸烟率从11%下降至6%(p<0.0001），而COPD患者则保持不变（28%至26%，p=0.37）。戒烟支持从53%升至74%（p=0.01）。心血管疾病风险较高，包括糖尿病、高血压与哮喘患者戒断率提高相关（OR=3.87，95%CI:1.04-14.4， p=0.04)。哮喘男性患者戒断率则更高（OR=27.9，95%CI:1.73-449， p=0.02），学历较高哮喘女性有更高的戒断率（OR=4.76，95%CI: 1.22-18.7, p = 0.04），但在COPD患者中并无差异。
   结论：在过去7年中，瑞典哮喘患者吸烟率下降将近一半，而COPD患者却无明显改变。戒烟支持的方法越来越多。与成功戒断相关的因素包括学历较高女性哮喘患者、伴有心血管疾病的哮喘患者。

 

（上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院呼吸与危重症医学科 周剑平 万欢英 摘译）

（Eur Clin Respir J. 2018 Jan 4;5(1):1421389.）
 

 
Changes in smoking prevalence and cessation support, and factors associated with successful smoking cessation in Swedish patients with asthma and COPD.
 
Stegberg M et al.
 
Abstract
Introduction: Our aim was to investigate changes in smoking prevalence, smoking cessation support and factors associated with successful smoking cessation in patients with asthma and COPD. 
Methods: Questionnaires about available smoking cessation resources were completed by 54 primary health-care centers and 14 hospitals in central Sweden in 2005 and 2012. Patient data were collected using record reviews and patients questionnaires for two cohorts of randomly selected asthma and COPD patients in 2005 (n = 2306; with a follow up in 2012), and in 2014/2015 (n = 2620). Smoking prevalence, available individual and group smoking cessation support, and factors associated with successful smoking cessation were explored. 
Results: Smoking prevalence decreased from 11% to 6% (p < 0.0001) in patients with asthma but was almost unchanged in patients with COPD (28 to 26%, p = 0.37). Smoking cessation support increased from 53% to 74% (p = 0.01). A high cardiovascular risk factor level, including diabetes mellitus and hypertension was associated with improved smoking cessation in patients with asthma (OR (95% CI) 3.87 (1.04-14.4), p = 0.04). A higher magnitude success was observed in men with asthma (OR (95% CI) 27.9 (1.73-449), p = 0.02). More highly educated women with asthma had successful greater smoking cessation (4.76 (1.22-18.7), p = 0.04). No significant associations were found in COPD. 
Conclusions: The smoking prevalence in patients with asthma but not in COPD has almost halved in Sweden during a 7-year period. The availability of smoking cessation support has increased. Suggested factors related to successful smoking cessation are higher level of education in women with asthma and cardiovascular risk factors in men and women with asthma.